探討都市空橋系統對其周圍環境步行可及性之影響研究

A Study on the Influence of Urban Skyway System on Pedestrian Accessibility of Its Surrounding Area

隨著過去一個世紀機動車輛運輸的增長，汽機車與行人交通之間的衝突已成為都市規劃中的重大課題。為了解決這樣的衝突，許多都市開始興建空橋系統，並將其視為地面層人行道的替代選擇。以臺北市為例，自從市政府在1990年的信義計畫區細部計畫中首次頒佈關於建築物之間強制連接的規定以來，空橋系統作為提升步行環境品質的手段已日益受到廣泛的關注。然而，現有大多數研究多集中在空橋系統發展歷程之回顧和相關法令規範之制定，而較少探討其對於周圍環境步行可及性所產生之正面效益。
本研究透過空間型構理論之應用，主要是以台北市和新北市的三個空橋系統為例，探討其對於周邊環境步行可及性之影響：1.宏觀層面：本研究發現街道路網之空間構成與步行可及性之間有顯著關聯性，尤其因為棋盤式路網在形成動線迴圈上具有優勢，因而比其他類型的路網能更有效提升步行可及性。2.微觀層面：在步行可及性的表現上，由於與空橋系統相連之街道在研究分析中呈現出較為顯著的進步，特別是對於路寬在8至15米之間的次級道路，空橋系統更可以有效提升整體步行環境的可及性，不僅能提供行人前往目的地的替代路線，亦能鼓勵其停留並進一步探索鄰近區域。據此，無論是在宏觀或微觀層面，本研究認為空橋系統都對於改善步行環境具有顯著的效益，並強調在規劃之初對其進行研究分析之必要性。

With the growth of motor vehicle transport over the last century, conflicts between automobile and pedestrian traffic have become significant concerns in urban planning. Many municipal governments have considered developing skyway systems as a solution to address these conflicts, aiming to compensate for pedestrian-unfriendly sidewalks and provide alternative options. Since Taipei City Government issued the first regulation regarding the mandatory linkage between buildings in the 1990 Detailed Plan of Xinyi Planning District, skyway system has received increasing attention as a means to enhance the quality of Taipei's walking environment. However, most of the existing scholarship has focused on reviewing its formation and legislation, with a lack of literature devoted to examining the role of the skyway system in enhancing the pedestrian accessibility conditions of its surrounding areas.
By applying the Space Syntax theory, this study focuses on three cases from Taipei and New Taipei City to examine how the potential influence of skyway systems on their surrounding areas: 1. Macro-level: The analysis reveals a dependent relationship between spatial configuration and accessibility conditions across three case studies. Specifically, the grid street pattern, due to its inherent advantages in forming a circulation loop, proves to be more effective in enhancing accessibility compared to other types of spatial configuration. 2. Micro-level: Roads with access points to the skyway system demonstrate a higher improvement in pedestrian accessibility conditions. Particularly for secondary-level roads (with a width between 8 and 15 meters), the addition of skyway systems can foster a more accessible environment for walking, not only providing pedestrians with alternative routes to their destinations but also encouraging further exploration into neighboring areas. In conclusion, this study underscores the pivotal role of skyway systems in improving pedestrian accessibility conditions at both macro and micro levels, emphasizing the necessity for thorough analysis prior to implementation.