生成式AI著作權爭議之國際私法觀點

Generative AI Copyright Disputes from the Perspective of Private International Law

生成式人工智慧（Generative AI）技術的迅猛發展已對各行業產生深遠影響，尤其在內容創作領域，涉及著作權的跨國法律糾紛越來越複雜。本文從國際私法的視角，探討AI生成內容帶來的管轄權確定、準據法適用、跨國判決承認與執行等核心問題。分析指出，不同國家在判定AI生成作品是否享有著作權時存在顯著差異，美國更強調「人類創作」標準，歐盟則以「原創性」為基礎。中國部分法院已認可人類參與對AI生成內容的重要性。本文提出，需制定新型多邊國際協議，統一AI生成作品的版權保護標準，解決跨法域間的法律衝突，平衡技術創新與法律保護的需求。未來法律應具備適應性，以應對AI技術的不斷進步和對著作權的影響。

Generative AI technology’s rapid advancement has significantly impacted various sectors, especially content creation, leading to increasingly complex cross-border legal disputes involving copyright. This paper examines key issues arising from AI-generated content within the framework of private international law, including jurisdiction determination, applicable law, and cross-border enforcement of judgments. The analysis highlights differing national stances on copyright for AI-generated works, with the U.S. focusing on“human authorship”and the EU emphasizing“originality”. In contrast, certain Chinese courts recognize the importance of human involvement in AI-generated content. The paper advocates for a new multilateral international agreement to unify copyright standards for AI-generated works, address cross-jurisdictional conflicts, and balance technological innovation with legal protection. Future laws must adapt to AI’s ongoing evolution and its implications for copyright.