清華簡中所見墨家著作考

A Study on Mohist Writings in the Tsinghua University Warring States Bamboo Manuscripts

本文探討清華簡《虞夏殷周之治》及《治政之道》、《治邦之道》的學派歸屬，論證此三篇皆爲墨家著作，並推測《治政之道》、《治邦之道》的撰寫年代離公元前380年不遠，其作者可能爲楚國墨家。
關於《虞夏殷周之治》的學派歸屬，因爲《墨子．三辯》中有與本篇幾乎相同的文章，可以確定本篇是墨家著作。至於《治政之道》、《治邦之道》，本篇包含非命、尚賢、兼愛等觀點，本論文對這些觀點進行分析，說明這些觀點可以與《墨子》直接聯繫起來，不可能來自墨家以外的學派的類似思想。
墨家著作的發現有助於了解早期墨家的思想與發展脈絡，並能夠推動《墨子》各篇形成年代的研究。

This article discusses the school affiliation of The Governance of Yu Xia Yin Zhou（虞夏殷周之治）, The Way of Governance（治政之道）, and The Way of State Governance（治邦之道）of the Tsinghua university warring states bamboo manuscripts. This article argues that these three writings are all works of the Mohist school, and speculates that the time of writing The Way of Governance（治政之道）and The Way of State Governance（治邦之道）is not far from 380 B.C., and their authors may be the Mohist school of the State of Chu.
As for the school affiliation of The Governance of Yu Xia Yin Zhou（虞夏殷周之治）, it can be confirmed that this writing is a work of the Mohist school because there is almost the same text in“Three Arguments”（三辯）of The Mozi. As for The Way of Governance（治政之道）and The Way of State Governance（治邦之道）, these writings contain viewpoints such as against fate, exalting worthiness, and universal love. This paper analyzes these viewpoints and explains that they can be directly linked to The Mozi and cannot come from similar ideas of schools outside of Mohism.
The discovery of Mohist works helps to understand the thoughts and development of early Mohism, and can promote the study of the formation period of various chapters in The Mozi.