臺灣中央兒少代表實踐兒少參與權之家庭與學校經驗探究

兒少參與權是〈兒童權利公約〉的重要項目，尤其在以成人為主的社會經常被忽略。儘管政府已建置兒少代表機制，但臺灣兒少參與仍諸多阻礙，且主要發生在家庭、學校的生活場域，實務上觀察到兒少代表參與過程總是精疲力盡，不是因為會議任務的成敗，反而是來自於「走出校門與家門」的困難。本研究目的是從兒少角度探討家庭與學校實踐兒少參與權之情形，透過文獻了解以成人為主的社會包含家庭與學校實踐兒少參與權的普遍困境，以質性研究的焦點團體方法，訪談25位中央兒少代表。研究發現家內兒少參與以傳統至過渡型家庭為主，而校內教師和同儕氛圍並不鼓勵兒少參與，整體生活處境反映出臺灣兒少參與權的多面向交織性，要邁向真實與有意義的兒少參與仍有距離。研究建議政府策略轉向為提供成人的培力而非培力兒少，並創建多元且具意義的兒少參與管道。

The participatory rights of children and youth are crucial elements within the Convention on the Rights of the Child, often overlooked in societies primarily dominated by adults. Despite the establishment of mechanisms for children and youth representation by the government, numerous obstacles hinder their participation in Taiwan, particularly within the realms of family and school life. In practice, observations reveal that the involvement of child and youth representatives is consistently draining, not due to the success or failure of meeting tasks, but rather due to the difficulties encountered‘outside the school and home gates.’This study aims to explore the implementation of children and youth participatory rights from their perspective, examining the situations in both family and school contexts.
Through a qualitative research approach using focus group methods, the study conducted interviews with 25 central representatives for children and youth. The research uncovered that within families, child and youth participation tends to be more prevalent in traditional to transitional family structures. However, in school environments, neither teachers nor peer atmospheres encourage children and youth participation. The overall living conditions reflect the intricate interplay of various aspects of children and youth participatory rights in Taiwan, indicating a distance to be covered before achieving genuine and meaningful participation.
The study recommends a shift in government strategy towards empowering adults rather than empowering children and the creation of diverse and meaningful channels for children and youth participation.