管理主義體制下，社工員平衡行政工作與個案工作的類型學分析：兼論關懷倫理的反思

在管理主義正大幅支配臺灣社工實務的環境下，社工員平日除從事個案工作外，也得承擔大量的行政工作。這便使得社工如何平衡行政工作與個案工作成為一個重要的實務議題。近期國際社工界所興起的關懷倫理風潮，便試圖在此平衡中嘗試為社工爭取更多關懷個案的空間。有關本土社工目前究竟面臨何種平衡行政工作與個案工作的挑戰，仍是一個鮮少被探究的議題。因此本研究目的便在發掘本土社工所可能存在平衡行政工作與個案工作之不同模式。為達此一目的，本論文已選取全臺都會區與鄉鎮區社會福利服務中心共計24位在職社工員進行質性訪談。在對訪談資料進行類型學分析後，研究發現本土社工在平衡行政工作與個案工作上存在四種類型：「瀕臨失衡的關懷型社工」、「適度平衡的關懷型社工」、「嚴重失衡的照顧型社工」與「合理平衡的照顧型社工」。針對不同平衡類型所涉及的脈絡因素，研究也發現區域與工作組織可能具有的影響力。立基類型學的發現與關懷倫理的立場，本文最終提出有助社工更佳平衡的可行建議。

With managerialism starting to dominate social work practices in Taiwan, local social workers must complete an avalanche of administrative work in addition to the essential casework. Balancing the two has become a pressing practice issue. Relevant to this, the emerging wave of ethics of care in the international social work arena seeks to achieve more space for casework amidst this balance. However, how Taiwanese social workers balance administrative work and casework in their everyday lives has yet to be researched in local scholarship. In order to address this shortfall, in this paper, we explore the different models among Taiwanese social workers for balancing administrative work and casework. To this end, we interviewed 24 social workers employed in social welfare service centres in metropolitan and township areas. By utilising typology analysis of interviewed data, we identified four balance models among local social workers, including: On the verge of imbalance of care-orientated social workers, the adequate balance of care-orientated social workers, the severe imbalance of caregiving-orientated social workers, and the acceptable balance of caregiving-orientated social workers. In addition, our contextual analysis has found two contextual factors (i.e., regions and working organisations) that have linkages with the balance types found above. Based on our research findings and the standpoint of ethics of care adopted, we propose some feasible policy strategies which would enable local social workers to better balance administrative work and casework.