腦中風對親密關係與性功能影響之相關文獻回顧

The Impact of Stroke on Intimate Relationships and Sexual Function: A Literature Review

腦中風是由於大腦血管阻塞或破裂，造成突發性的局部或全部功能失調，同時也是造成全球人口死亡與失能的主要原因。截至目前為止，國內尚未進行腦中風對親密關係與性功能相關文獻回顧，因此無法得知中風對性功能之影響，亦無足夠資料說明，透由其他性表達模式，提升患者與伴侶之親密關係。本文之目的，透過國外資料庫搜尋相關文獻並整理結果，了解腦中風患者中風後親密關係、性生活、性功能的改變、腦中風後之器質性與心因性因素與醫療保健專業人員可提供哪些協助。結果共有12篇相關研究，男性10篇、女性2篇，研究對象以男性為主、女性與伴侶占少數，雖文獻篇數不多，但仍提供寶貴資訊。分析顯示性功能損傷在腦中風是常見的性議題，男性性功能損傷以勃起功能障礙、射精障礙為主，女性以陰道潤滑與性高潮受限為主，雖然中風引起性功能損傷，但男女性還是期待透過其他模式促進親密關係，如藥物、按摩、擁抱、親吻、增加與伴侶獨處交談的時間等其他方法提升親密感，進而改善性關係，增加與伴侶的生活滿意度。在中風後性生活方面，由於文化、偏見、教育資源不足、醫療保健專業人員沒有做好因應準備，這些現象也使得患者無法從中獲得中風後性生活相關資訊，也值得我們注意。性功能損傷是腦中風患者常見的性議題，故建議醫療保健專業人員進行腦中風後性教育訓練，排除患者的性迷思與性誤解、告知可透過藥物或改變性表達模式提升親密關係，以增加其性生活品質與滿意度。

Stroke is a sudden partial or total dysfunction caused by the blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, and is the leading cause of death and disability in the global population. Until now, there has been no review of the literature on the effects of stroke on intimate relationships and sexual functioning in Taiwan. Therefore, it is impossible to know the effects of stroke on sexual functioning, and there is insufficient information on the enhancement of intimacy between patients and their partners through alternative modes of sexual expression. The purpose of this paper was to search for relevant literature in overseas databases and organize the results in order to understand the changes in intimacy, sexuality, sexual function, and post-stroke organic and psychogenic factors in stroke patients, as well as the assistance that healthcare professionals can provide. A total of 12 studies were conducted, 10 on males and 2 on females, with males being the majority and females and partners being the minority. Although the number of studies is small, they still provide valuable information. The analysis showed that sexual dysfunction is a common sexual issue in stroke, with erectile dysfunction and ejaculatory dysfunction being the main causes of sexual dysfunction in men, and vaginal lubrication and limited orgasm in women. Although stroke causes sexual dysfunction, both men and women still look forward to other modes of promoting intimacy, such as medications, massages, embraces, kisses, and increasing the amount of time they spend alone with their partners, to improve intimacy, and thus improve sexual relationships and increase the amount of time spent with partners. Improvement of sexual relationship and satisfaction with life with partner. In terms of post-stroke sexuality, due to culture, prejudice, lack of educational resources, and lack of preparedness on the part of healthcare professionals, these phenomena also prevent patients from obtaining information about post-stroke sexuality, which also deserves our attention. Sexual dysfunction is a common sexual issue for stroke patients. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare professionals conduct post-stroke sexual education training to dispel patients' sexual myths and misunderstandings, and to inform patients that they can improve their intimacy through medication or changes in their sexual expression patterns in order to increase the quality of their sexuality and satisfaction.