論推動構建包容普惠的知識產權國際規則

Promoting the Construction of Inclusive and Balanced International Rules for Intellectual Property Rights

近年來，“推動構建包容普惠的知識產權國際規則”的表述陸續出現在我國知識產權政策文件中。在敘事話語層面，其與我國提出的《全球發展倡議》和構建人類命運共同體理念相契合。然而，知識產權專有性和法定性與“包容普惠”所強調的開放性和可及性等存在緊張的對立，知識產權的現有規則中的包容普惠條款較為零散。在國際層面，知識產權國際協調的棘輪效應對國家條約義務的約束以及體制轉換造成議題切換的靈活性，使國際知識產權規則朝著普惠、包容方向發展還存在障礙。因此，我國應在多邊體制中積極呼籲推動構建開放包容、平衡普惠的知識產權國際規則，並在國內規則中踐行這一指導原則，修訂知識產權規範。

In recent years,“promoting the construction of inclusive and balanced international rules of intellectual property”has appeared in China’s intellectual property policy documents, which is consistent with China’s Global Development Initiative and the idea of building a community with a shared future for mankind at the narrative discourse level. Due to the tense between the exclusivity and legality of intellectual property rights and the openness and accessibility emphasized by“inclusivity and balance”, the existing rules of intellectual property law contain scattered provisions on inclusivity and balance. At the international level, due to the ratchet effect of international coordination of intellectual property rights, which constrains national treaty obligations, and the flexibility of regime shifting caused by institutional transformation, there are obstacles in promoting the development of international intellectual property rules towards inclusiveness and balance. China should actively call for the construction of open, inclusive, balanced and affordable international rules on intellectual property rights in the multilateral system, and implement this guiding principle in domestic rules to revise intellectual property norms.