俗世願望的鏡影：神仙及其文學書寫之人文意涵研究

The Mirror Image of Secular Wishes–Study on Celestials and Related Humane Concepts in Literature

神是超越的存在，仙則是經過修鍊歷程所達成的超人境界，神仙不僅為宗教崇拜的偶像，亦是人性願望歸趨的集合體。神仙思想表現在文學書寫中，首先有神話傳說的陳述，謳歌諸神與英雄。人文精神抬頭之後，則開始關注自身，書寫人世，不再企求精明上感，而以我思書寫神仙、以我思閱讀神仙，進而鎔鑄創造出豐富的神仙意象，以人文更新神仙的意義與生命。本文探討神仙的核心意涵與特性，並梳理神仙文學史的發展，歸納其典型及傳統路線，最後總述神仙文學書寫史所呈現的人文導向，肯定其記錄神本向人本跨越歷程的價值。

The existence of God excites all humans. The state of celestials can be achieved after training. A celestial is not only an idol of worship, but an aggregate wish of human nature. The thoughts of celestials revealed in literature often started from the narration of mythology, such as praises to Gods and heroes. After the rise of humanism, people care more about themselves and many stories of about human life were described. They are no more very theonomous. Based on the writings and readings about celestials, an abundant amount of celestials were created. Their meaning and life was reconstructed in the humanist fashion. The study aims to understand the core concept and characteristics of celestials as well as their development in literature. Their images and traditional descriptions were both generalized. The current humane orientation in mythology has focuses on the value that integrates the process from Gods to mankind.