論智能網聯汽車數據的治理之道

On the Governance of Intelligently Connected Vehicles Data

“數字交通”建設是“數字中國”建設的重要組成部分。智能網聯汽車數據治理是“數字交通”建設的重要驅動力。面對智能網聯汽車數據資源配置不合理、控制與訪問權能失衡的問題，現有法律無法實現有效治理。契約自由持續強化汽車製造商的數據控制，競爭法無力解決系統性的數據訪問訴求，個人信息可攜權實施受阻，汽車數據的法律規範與技術支撐相互脫節。智能網聯汽車數據的法律治理應當著力構建良好的智能網聯汽車數據共享生態，合理權衡汽車制造商的數據控制利益與其他主體的數據訪問利益、數據控制的私人利益與數據共享的公共利益，以安全價值為底線，以公平利用為目標，以有效治理為導向，對現有法律進行調整與創新，加速制定新的專門法規，推動智能網聯汽車數據訪控關係的重構，實現“數據訪控”的理性平衡、利益共享、機會公平與高效治理。

Digital transportation is an important part of Digital China. The governance of intelligently connected vehicles data is an important driving force for the construction of ''digital transportation''. Faced with the problems of unreasonable allocation of data resources and imbalance of control and access rights in intelligently connected vehicles, existing laws cannot achieve effective governance of connected vehicle data. Freedom of contract continues to strengthen the data control of automobile manufacturers. Anti－unfair competition laws are unable to solve systemic demands for data access. The implementation of the portability right under the Personal Information Protection Law is obstructed, and the legal regulations and technical support for automobile data are disconnected from each other. The legal governance of intelligently connected vehicles data should focus on building a sharing ecosystem of vehicle data, and reasonably weigh the ''data control'' interests of car manufacturers and the ''data access'' interests of other entities, the private interests of data control and the public interests of data sharing. So, with safety value as the bottom line, fair utilization as the goal, and effective governance as the guide, we will adjust and innovate traditional laws, accelerate the formulation of new special regulations, and promote the reconstruction of the ''data access and control relationship'' of intelligently connected vehicles, to achieve the goals of rational balance, benefit sharing, fair opportunities and efficient governance of ''data access and control''.