監察中心主義傾向的理論反思

在法治反腐體系下，監察權在紀監和司法“兩組關係”中存在不同定位。在紀監關係中，以監察為中心是國家監察體制改革建立集中統一、權威高效反腐敗體系的重要成果，此種意義上監察中心主義傾向的形成具備客觀必然性與實質合理性。在司法關係中，監察機關的職務犯罪調查權與線索移送權，應當服務於以審判為中心的訴訟活動，此時的監察權不宜佔據中心地位。司法過程中監察權的介入打破了原本相對平衡的訴訟權力結構，監察機關憑借其在事實認定與證據獲取方面的優勢，有可能形成主導職務犯罪辦理全域的監察中心主義傾向，影響以審判為中心的刑事訴訟職能實現。化解司法過程中的監察中心主義傾向，應當在黨中央一體推進“三不腐”有效機制和“行賄受賄一起查”決策部署指引下，進一步優化監察監督的職能定位，完善監察與檢察的銜接機制，以彌補監察權自身制度短板，推進國家監察體制改革的持續深化。

Under the rule of law and anti-corruption system, the supervisory power has different positioning in the“two sets of relationships”between discipline inspection and judiciary. In the relationship between discipline inspection and supervision, focusing on supervision is an important achievement in the reform of the national supervision system to establish a centralized and efficient anti-corruption system. In this sense, the formation of the tendency of supervisory centrism has objective inevitability and substantive rationality. In judicial relations, the supervisory authority's power to investigate officials' crimes and transfer investigatory clues should serve litigation activities centered around trial, so the supervisory authority should not occupy a central position at this time. The intervention of supervisory power in the judicial process has broken the relatively balanced litigation power structure. With its power advantages, supervisory agencies may shape a supervisory centrism trend that dominates the overall handling of officials' crimes, so as to affect the realization of criminal litigation functions centered around trial. To resolve the tendency of centralization of supervision in the judicial process, it is necessary to further optimize the functional positioning of supervision and improve the procedural procuratorial supervision of the supervisory power under the guidance of the decision-making deployment of the Central Party Committee's integrated promotion of“no one dare to be corrupt, no one is able to be corrupt and no one want to be corrupt”and“joint investigation of bribery and acceptance”, in order to make up for the shortcomings of the supervisory power's own system and promote the continuous deepening of the national supervisory system reform.