荒野獨處經驗對山野活動課程參與者體驗價值之影響

The impact of wilderness solitude experience on the experiential value of participants in outdoor activities courses

緒論：本研究運用方法-目的鏈解析選修山野活動課程學生的內在動機與價值脈絡，並於課程中導入荒野獨處體驗，以探究獨處經驗對體驗價值的影響。方法：以26名修習山野活動與環境探索課程之學生為研究對象，於校內接受13週的山野知能課程後，展開3天2夜之場域實作及12小時荒野獨處體驗，研究採用階梯式訪談進行資料收集，訪談內容經編碼後建構蘊含矩陣及繪製階層價值圖以進行分析與討論。結果：一、山野活動課程參與者認知的終極價值為自我實現、自我成長、身心健康、社會支持與環境倫理。二、荒野獨處經驗會改變價值鏈結的脈絡，有助於參與者自我察省和個人成長，反思過程能引導以正向積極態度面對生活。三、荒野獨處經驗能觸發深刻的環境倫理感受，強化對待環境的態度和行為，對環境保護具有正向影響。結論：荒野獨處經驗對於山野活動課程參與者具有提升個人成長、拓展社會關係及強化環境意識的效果；運用方法目的鏈有助於瞭解參與動機的階層脈絡，研究所得結果可提供戶外課程設計和推廣行銷的參考。

Introduction: Mountaineering courses are exceptionally physically demanding outdoor activities, and wilderness solitude is a challenge that tests both the mind and body. Participants who choose this course should be guided by robust internal motivation and value recognition. We integrated the experience of wilderness solitude into our courses and used the Means-End Chain theory to explore changes in the experiential value of course participants. Methods: This study involved 26 students who took the mountain activities and environmental exploration course. They underwent three days and two nights of field practice and 12 hours of wilderness solitary experience without computers, communication, and consumer electronics products and equipment. In-depth semi-structured ladder interviews were conducted before and after the course. Encoded data was used to construct an implication matrix and a hierarchical value map for further analysis and discussion. Results: (1) The common values recognized throughout the course were self-realization, self-growth, physical and mental health, social support, and environmental ethics. (2) The wilderness solitude experience helped participants with self-reflection and personal growth, and the reflection process helped to change their thinking patterns, leading to a positive attitude towards life. (3) The wilderness solitude experience triggered a more profound sense of environmental ethics, strengthened attitudes and behaviors towards the environment, and positively impacted environmental protection. Conclusion: Experiencing solitude in the wilderness enhanced personal growth, expanded social relationships, and strengthened environmental awareness for participants in mountain activity courses. The value context of participation motivation can be explored through the Means-End Chain theory. This study’s results can provide a reference for outdoor curriculum design and promotion marketing.