論張惠菁《惡寒》中人際關係的窺探與疏離

Study of Peeping and Alienation of Interpersonal Relationship in E Han of Hui-Ching Chang

張惠菁是九零年代，六年級女作家中相當備受矚目的一個，寫小說也寫散文。後期作品以散文為主，不過其小說仍有獨特之處，值得探討，尤其是張惠菁一向關注的人與社會、人與人之間極細微而又尖銳的關係與拉扯。
本文以其第一本小說集《惡寒》為主要探討範圍。其中收錄兩篇小篇小說〈蒙田筆記〉及〈惡寒〉，前者以生活在台北的研究生在報告中與法國哲學家蒙田，以及友人的訴說三者在融合在小說中彼此對映、窺探及誤讀。後者則由一起死亡車禍為開頭，帶出了一群居紐約台灣人內心各自的幽微，以及迷離不明的真相，複雜的人際圈中充滿各自表述。兩篇小說都從了時間、死亡、記憶去推展，人面臨生命困境去追尋失落記憶的過程中，自我與他者間互相窺探，進而呈現出人與人之間的誤讀與冷漠疏離，呈現出現代社會中的「惡寒」感。
《惡寒》中以雙線的概念進行小說，串起兩端的，除了雙線敘事之外，其一是現實與迷夢，小說人物的形象有許多都是靠著另一人的話語與幻想建構而成，在「誤讀」中觀看的對方，並非真實，而真實又是什麼？其二是小說中人與人之間的關係、交際，是否淪為一種玩物，又如何成為一種冰冷的「惡寒」感。本文將以人物為出發點，去探討小說之中的雙線性、人物誤讀、自我探索，以及人與人之間彼此窺探與疏離感。

Among the female writers born in the 1970s, Hui-Ching Chang(張惠菁) was one of the stars in the 1990s. She writes novels and proses, and the latter are mostly her late works. However, her novels are unique and worthy of study. Hui- Ching Chang particularly focuses on people and society, and the extremely subtle and sensitive struggles in interpersonal relationship.
This study is based on her first collection of novels E Han(《惡寒》) which collects two fictions, Journal of Michel de Montaigne(《蒙田筆記》) and E Han. In the former, a graduate student living in Taipei, the French philosopher Michel de Montaigne and the friend reflect, peep and misread each other in a report the graduate student writes. The latter begins with a car accident of death and introduces the inner darkness of a group of Taiwanese living in New York, ambiguous truth and different views in the complicated interpersonal relation. Both fictions are developed from time, death and memory. In the process of looking for the loss of memory in the difficulties of life, people and others peep at each other and it shows the misreading and indifference among people and the severe coldness in modern society.
In E Han, there are two storylines. Besides the storylines, it is based on two aspects. One is reality and dream. The character's images mostly are constructed by the other person's words and imagination. By misreading, people who are observing each other are not realistic. What is reality? The other is interpersonal relationship in the fiction. Is it manipulated? How does it lead to the feeling of severe coldness? Based on the characters, this study explored the two storylines in the fiction, misreading of the characters, self-exploration and interpersonal peeping and alienation.