職場藍光暴露危害之文獻回顧與實地調查

Literature Review and Field Study on Occupational Exposures to Blue-Light Hazards

由於目前對於藍光所可能造成的職場暴露危害等資訊相對缺乏，因此本研究透過文獻回顧方式蒐集國內、外藍光職業危害暴露評估與量測方法及標準等，並進行統整、分析，以期能提供相關單位未來訂定標準之參考依據。
本研究透過文獻整理後發現，可能造成藍光暴露的職場包括：美甲業、牙科診所、醫療場所及辦公室中須長期使用電腦產品等職業；而目前國際間評估職場工作者暴露於藍光危害時，其所參考的標準或建議值包括國際電工委員會（International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC）62778、國際非游離輻射防護委員會（International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, ICNIRP）指南（guidelines）及美國政府工業衛生師協會（American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, ACGIH）恕限值（Threshold Limit Values, TLVs）等，國內目前則訂有中華民國國家標準（Chinese National Standards, CNS）15592「光源及光源系統光生物安全性」之國家標準。
本研究共完成6家牙科診所、6家美甲業及8位辦公室工作族群等不同作業現場之職場藍光危害暴露量測。結果顯示，6家牙科診所中有4家所使用之手持式治療燈具有高度藍光危害暴露風險、2家具有中度風險；6家美甲業所使用之美甲燈中有1家為低度風險，其餘5家則具有中度藍光危害暴露風險。至於8位辦公室工作族群的職場藍光危害暴露情形，量測結果顯示皆為低度風險。
雖然ACGIH已提出職場藍光暴露的恕限值（TLVs），但也明白指出有許多可能影響個體間差異的因素仍無法掌握，且長時間、低劑量藍光暴露對健康的影響亦不清楚；因此，未來應持續進行相關研究，以促進職場工作者之健康與安全。

Due to the relative lack of information on the possible occupational exposure hazards caused by blue-light, this study reviewed the associated studies to provide a reference basis to set standards in the future.
This study found that workplaces that may cause blue-light exposure include: nail salons, dental clinics, medical places, and offices that require long-term computer use. Because the ex-posure scenarios of blue-light occurred in each workplace are inconsistent, it is necessary to use suitable methods for the measurement. When assessing workers' exposure to blue-light hazards, the standards or guidelines include IEC 62778, ICNIRP guidelines and ACGIH TLVs, etc. Pres-ently, there is a CNS15592 ''Light Source and Light Source System Photobiological Safety'' in Taiwan’s national standard.
As forfield survey, this study measured workplace blue light hazard exposure in six dental clinics, six nail salons, and eight offices in 20 different work sites. The results showed that four of the six dental clinics used hand-held treatment lamps with a high risk of exposure to blue light hazards and two with moderate risk. Among nail salons, 1 of 6 used nail lamps with low risk, and the remaining 5 have a moderate risk of exposure to blue light hazards. As for the eight of-fice workplaces, the measurement results show that they are all at low risk.
Although ACGIH has proposed TLVs for workplace blue-light exposure, it also clearly points out that many factors may influence inter-individual differences that remain elusive, and the health effects of prolonged, low-level blue-light exposure are unclear; therefore, more studies should be continued in the future to promote the health and safety of workers in the workplace.