論國際法的正當性

The Legitimacy of International Law

本文採取獨特視角評價國際法的正當性，包括國際法是否是一個法律體系、評價國際法正當性的價值和標準的來源以及當代國際法實踐是推動抑或阻礙了正當法律體系的發展。具言之，本文首先剖析了近代以來“國際法”這一概念經歷的身份危機與逐步發展，並提出了“國際法”概念的功能性定義，斷定在作為一種社會實踐、存在承認規則的背景下，國際法能夠成為一種法律體系。其次，以弗蘭克的國際法正當性理論為出發點，本文討論了正當性的來源與標準，並提出了關於國際法正當性的四項命題。最後，通過分析當代實踐中大國行為違反國際法核心規範的國際事件，本文還指出國際法正當性雖可能受到嚴重挑戰，但評價國際法正當性的合理依據是實際存在的。

This paper takes a unique perspective to assess the legitimacy of international law, including whether international law is a legal system, what are the sources of values and criteria for assessing legitimacy, and whether the practice of contemporary international law promotes or hinders the development of a legitimate legal system. Specifically speaking, this paper analyzes the identity crisis and gradual development of the concept of '' international law'' since modern times, and puts forward a functional definition of ''international law'', which determines that international law qualifies as a legal system on the basis of social practice and the existence of rule of recognition. Starting from Franck's theory of legitimacy of international law, this paper discusses the origin and standard of legitimacy, and puts forward four propositions of legitimacy of international law. Finally, though the legitimacy of international law may be seriously challenged, the plausible arguments for assessing the legitimacy of international law do exist after the definitions and criteria are determined.