女性受刑人決意中止犯罪相關因素之探討

An Examination of the Correlates of Female Inmates' Anticipated Desistance

過去有關監禁對受刑人影響的研究主要關注於監禁的負面影響和相關壓力面向，近年則有國外研究指出有些女性受刑人自陳在監期間發生正向的生命改變。鑒於臺灣女性毒品受刑人之再犯問題亟待解決，研究目的主要探討影響女性毒品受刑人在監期間決意中止犯罪之相關因素，期能協助其遠離毒品及中止犯罪。本研究以臺灣三所女子監獄之毒品受刑人為研究對象進行問卷施測，總計406名女性受刑人參與，有效問卷400份。研究結果顯示，本次入監已服刑時間愈長、助人利他程度愈高及決斷力（agency）程度愈高者，其決意中止犯罪的程度愈高，其中又以助人利他對決意中止犯罪之影響程度最大。最後，根據研究結果提出相關處遇策略及實務工作建議供刑事司法機關與矯正工作人員參考；惟本研究僅針對女性毒品受刑人，亟待未來研究能探討不同犯罪類型的受刑人在監期間決意中止犯罪之相關因素，以提升復歸社會的可能性。

Past research on the effects of incarceration on prisoners has mainly focused on the negative impacts and associated stressors. However, recent studies have shown that some female inmates report positive life changes during their incarceration. Given the urgent need to address the high recidivism rate among female drug offenders in Taiwan, this study primarily investigates the factors influencing female drug offenders' determination to terminate criminal behaviors during incarceration. The study surveyed 406 female drug offenders from three women's prisons in Taiwan, with 400 valid responses. The results show that the longer the incarceration period they served, the higher levels of altruism and agency they perceived, leading to the greater anticipated desistance. Among the predictors, altruism has the greatest impact on anticipated desistance. Finally, based on the results, relevant treatment strategies are proposed for criminal justice agencies and correctional staff to assist female drug offenders in staying away from drugs and terminating criminal behaviors.