不完全契約下的公私夥伴關係—制度邏輯的分析視角

Public-Private-Partnership under Incomplete Contract–An Analytical Perspective of Institutional Logic

重大公共建設BOT案成本高、複雜度高、契約時間長，具備不完全契約特性，案件成敗取決於雙方互動與契約管理。然而公私雙方本質上存在制度邏輯的差異，使各自的行動產生衝突，爭議之化解則有賴各自運用其剩餘控制權。本文欲探討在衝突的制度邏輯下，雙方如何運用剩餘控制權及其結果與問題；以制度邏輯的分析架構，即「制度環境—組織邏輯—目標行為」，為BOT長期契約的挑戰提供一套內、外環境相連的制度分析與解釋。
本研究以個案研究法，選取一BOT案件為研究對象，該案經歷興建、營運十多年的發展經驗，足以作為縱向了解BOT模式運作的實務案例。研究策略上採關鍵事件法，透過半結構式訪談，並參照契約書、績效評估報告、組織規章等次級資料，從公私雙方中高階主管指認出的爭議事件，發現制度邏輯對互動關係與契約管理的影響。研究發現，爭議事件的起因與解決方式皆關乎雙方制度邏輯的差異。決策管理者需選擇適合組織特定脈絡和目標的策略，並建立類似「聯合指導委員會」的機制以促成常態溝通、互利共生。此外，以制度邏輯審視契約裁量，本研究發現在企業新興的組織邏輯下（如ESG策略），私部門可能正向放寬了契約裁量，接受契約外的訴求。

Due to the high cost, high complexity, and long contract duration of large BOT cases, the success or failure of the cases depends on the interaction between the two parties and the contract management. However, there are inherent differences in the institutional logic between the public and private sectors, resulting in conflicts between their actions, and the resolution of disputes depends on the use of the residual control rights. We would like to explore how the two parties utilize the residual control under the conflicting institutional logics, as well as its results and problems. This study provides a systematic analytical framework for institutional logic, namely ''institutional environment - organizational logic - goal behavior.'' This framework offers a comprehensive institutional analysis and explanation that connects the internal and external environments, addressing the challenges of long-term BOT contracts.
This study adopts a case study approach and selects a BOT case as the target. The case has been constructed and operated for more than ten years, which can be used as a practical case to understand the operation of BOT model in a longitudinal way. The critical incident technique is adopted in the research strategy. Through semi-structured interviews and with reference to secondary data such as contracts, performance evaluation reports, and organizational regulations, the impact of institutional logic on the management of interactions and contracts is revealed in the controversial events identified by senior executives from both the public and private sectors. The study finds that the causes and solutions of disputes are related to the differences in institutional logic between the two parties. Decision makers need to select strategies that fit the organization's specific context and goals, and establish a mechanism similar to the joint steering committee to facilitate regular communication and mutual benefit. In addition, examining contract discretion with institutional logic, this study finds that under the emerging organizational logic of enterprises (ESG strategy in this case), the private sector may be positively relaxing contract discretion and accepting demands outside the contract.