可溝通的情感政治：重探漢娜‧鄂蘭的情感批判與判斷理論

Can the Politics of Emotion Acquire Communicability? A New Investigation on the Critique of Emotion and Theory of Judgment in Hannah Arendt’s Thought

筆者嘗試透過連結鄂蘭思想中的情感批判與判斷理論，提出一種具有「可溝通性」的情感政治進路，以面對情感產生排他政治效應的難題。本文首先將鄂蘭在《論革命》等著作中對於情感的批判分析，歸結為「非世界」、「無世界」與「反世界」這三種類型；繼而在連結到判斷理論的過程中，筆者嘗試釐清其中出現的各種阻礙，尤其是圍繞鄂蘭借重康德來發展判斷理論而產生的學界爭議；最後筆者在判斷活動中歸結出「反思性轉化」、「預想性溝通」與「世界性框架」這三個層次。透過將以上兩部分在結構上進行充分對接，本文試圖證明鄂蘭所勾勒的判斷模式能夠適用於她自身所分析的情感政治難題，並為我們提供一個透過「可溝通性」的轉化而開放向他者的方案。

The contemporary politics of emotion faces a crucial challenge of avoiding exclusivity that hinders effective communication, while still recognizing the political force of emotions. This paper proposes a novel approach to the politics of emotion by connecting Hannah Arendt’s critique of emotions with her theory of judgment. The first part of this paper explores why Arendt views emotions as negative elements in politics and concludes three types of relationships between emotion and politics: the unworldly, the worldless and anti-worldly. The second part examines the potential linkage between her critique of emotions and her ideas about judgment, considering the shared structure and the obstacles of incorporating emotions into the framework of judgment. Finally, the paper uncovers three layers within the activity of judgment that perfectly align with the three types of emotion-politics:“reflective transformation”,“anticipated communication”and“worldly framework”. What this paper intends to prove is that the mode of judgement provided by Arendt can be effectively applied to her analysis of political emotions, offering a new perspective on“communicability”to address the challenges in politics of emotion.