有關中國三國故事的越南㗰劇喃字版本簡介

Introduction to Vietnamese Theatrical Nôm Scripts on Chinese Three Kingdoms Stories

本論文集中從三個方面來介紹三國故事為主題的㗰劇喃字劇本。首先，呈現越南末代王朝-阮朝圖書館書目裡，記錄越南二十世紀初㗰劇劇本的保存狀況。其次，調查並具體介紹越南境內包括漢喃研究院、越南國家圖書館等，以及中央㗰劇院、戲劇和電影學院、順化古跡保護中心的藏品以及國外公共檔案館藏，如英國國家圖書館、荷蘭萊頓大學亚洲图书馆和美國阮文森先生的私人收藏等。這些劇本體現三國文學㗰劇喃字改編的兩個趨勢：將整部歷史章回小說《三國志演義》改編成與小說同等規模的多摺子劇本，或片段改編耳熟能知的三國故事成為僅有1到5折的短劇本。其中，多摺子劇本主要被用於在宮廷中表演，但短小型的劇本卻深受民間歡迎。此外，本論文還通過喃字劇本的越南國語本，介紹前所未見的喃字劇本，此發現可作為重要線索，以供日後對於《三國志演義》在越南的接受的繼續研究。

The article introduces the Vietnamese traditional large-scale theatre scripts (Tuồng/hát bội) written in Nôm of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms novel by focusing on three aspects. Firstly, it examines the Nguyễn Dynasty libraries’catalogues, which record the contemporary status of Vietnamese theatrical Nôm scripts in the early 20th century. Secondly, it specifically investigates various collections in Vietnam, including those from the Institute of Sino-Nôm Studies, the National Library of Vietnam, the Vietnam National Tuồng Theater, the Academy of Theater and Performing Arts, Hue Monument Conservation Centre, as well as international collections in British Library, Asian Library of Universiteit Leiden, and Nguyen Van Sam’s private collection in the United States. These scripts present two tendencies in the adaptation of the Three Kingdoms literature into Vietnamese theatrical scripts: 1) the adaptation of the entire historical chapter novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms into a multi-chapter script of the same scale as the novel, and 2) the adaptation of popular stories of the novel into the one-to-five chapters script. Among these, multi-chapter scripts are mainly used for performances in the Court, but selected story scripts are prevalent among the people. In addition, this article also introduces rare Nôm scripts through the Vietnamese version of the Nôm scripts. Findings from a large body of collections can serve as important instruction for further research on the adaptation of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms in Vietnam.