杜維明對陽明心學教育觀的吸取與應用

The Capture and Application of Yang-ming’s Philosophy and Educational Perspective by Tu Wei-Ming

杜維明是第三代當代新儒家的健將，被譽為「儒家文化的布道者」、「海外推展新儒學最力的一人」。他自少年起即接觸陽明詩文，青年時期得力於徐復觀、唐君毅、牟宗三等第二代當代新儒家代表人物的牖迪，漸入陽明心學之境。1968年，以《青年王陽明》獲得美國哈佛大學哲學博士學位。先後任教於普林斯頓大學、柏克萊加州大學，1981年起任哈佛大學教授，1988年成為美國人文、藝術及科學院院士，以發揚、傳佈儒學為畢生志業。他大量吸取陽明心學精華，在教學、講學與著作中充分應用了陽明心學教育觀，倡導「社會良心」、「士的自覺」、「體知」、「習明納」、「修身與身教」、「靈性培養」，強調儒家倫理價值，以及鼓吹「傳道精神」等理念與作法，在當代高教杏壇放一異彩。

Tu Wei-Ming is a master of the third generation of modern neo-Confucianism and is recognized as a“preacher of Confucian culture”and“the hardest worker promoting neo-Confucianism abroad.”Starting with the study of Yang-Ming’s poetry in his youth, he was inspired by second-generation neo-Confucianism representatives like Hsu Fu-Guang, Tang Jun-Yi, and Mo Zong-San to gradually comprehend Yang-Ming’s Philosophy of the Mind. In 1968, he received adoctoral degree of philosophy from Harvard University with“Wang, Yang-Ming’s Youth.”Then, he delivered lectures at such renowned institutions as Princeton University and Berkeley University. He has served as a Harvard University professor since 1981 and has become an academician of US literature, art, and science to elaborate and preach Confucianism as his life aspiration. He significantly engages in the essence of Yang-Ming's philosophy of mind and thoroughly applies Yang-Ming’s educational perspective in his teaching, lectures, and writing. Meanwhile, the ideas and measures of promoting“social consciousness”,“consciousness of a scholar”,“comprehension”,“seminar”,“moral cultivation and teach by own example”,“spirituality nourish”,stressing the ethical value of Confucianism and advocating for“the spirit of an evangelist”have all allowed him to yield particularly brilliant results in modern higher education.