海牙管轄權項目下平行訴訟的解決方案與啟示

Solutions of Parallel Proceedings under the Hague Jurisdiction Project and Its Enlightenment

海牙管轄權項目在進入工作組階段後，工作組採用包容和全面的方式開展工作，工作的核心是就平行訴訟和關聯訴訟制定具有約束力的規則，並承認管轄權規則和不方便法院原則等因素在制定此類規則方面的主要作用。目前，工作組在前兩次會議上共討論了平行訴訟的五種解決方案，確立了以“聯繫說”為核心的基本原則，區分管轄權根據的優先性和案件類型，就平行訴訟的解決達成了新框架。但在平行訴訟的界定、管轄權根據、更適合法院的權衡因素、司法合作與協調機制等問題上，均存在大量的基礎性問題有待討論。借鑒海牙管轄權項目的談判，我國需要在平行訴訟上確立系統化的解決方案，並完善相應的制度。

As the Hague Jurisdiction Project enters the Working Group stage, the Working Group proceeds in an inclusive and holistic manner, with an initial focus on developing binding rules for parallel proceedings and related actions, and acknowledges the primary role of both jurisdictional rules and the doctrine of forum non conveniens, in developing such rules. So far, the Working Group has discussed five solutions in the first two meetings, in which the“connection theory”as the basic principle was established; the priority of the jurisdictional bases and the types of cases were differentiated; and the idea and structure to resolve the parallel proceedings has basically been determined. However, many basic issues need to be further discussed, such as the definition of parallel litigation, jurisdictional bases, more appropriate court, cooperation and coordination mechanisms, etc. Drawing on the negotiations of the Hague Jurisdiction Project, China needs to establish a systematic solution to parallel proceedings and improve the corresponding system.