《聯合國打擊網絡犯罪公約》的制定問題研究

On the Codification of the United Nations Convention against Cybercrimes

聯合國正在研究制定打擊網絡犯罪公約，這是聯合國發展和編纂國際刑法的最新實踐，具有重要意義。為更好開展全球網絡治理，維護國際網絡安全秩序，有必要在制定該公約過程中廣泛吸收各國預防和打擊網絡犯罪的成功經驗，將網絡治理的實體法、程序法和特殊執法規則法定化、規範化，明確基本原則，調整核心要素設計；因應網絡犯罪新態勢，增設網絡犯罪類別；突出程序規則針對性，強化懲治網絡犯罪制度建設；創新國際司法與警務合作模式，提升打擊網絡犯罪效能；推進網絡監管制度趨同化，夯實法治基礎；統籌打防一體化關係，健全國際網絡刑事法治。

The United Nations is studying the formulation of a convention against cybercrimes, which is of great significance to the latest practice of the United Nations in developing and codifying international criminal law. In order to better carry out global network governance and maintain the international network security order, it is necessary for the United Nations to widely absorb the successful experience and practices of various countries in preventing and combating cybercrimes in the process of formulating the convention. Furthermore, it is suggested to legalize and standardize the substantive laws, procedural laws and special enforcement rules, and to clarify the basic norms and core elements of the convention. In response to the new trend of cybercrimes, the Convention shall stipulate new categories of cybercrimes and consequential legal responsibilities, highlight the pertinence of procedural rules and strengthen the construction of a procedural system for punishing cybercrimes, innovate international judicial cooperation models to enhance the effectiveness of combating cybercrimes, promote the convergence of the network supervision system and consolidate the foundation of the cyberspace rule of law，coordinate the internal and external relations of the integration of combat and prevention, and improve the international network criminal rule of law in the field of cyberspace.