影響成年毒品施用者生活品質之相關因素探討

Factors influencing the quality of life of adults who use drugs

目標：近年台灣毒品政策已隨世界趨勢朝向減少犯罪與傳染疾病蔓延，從監禁與再犯預防觀點，轉向對毒品施用者營造友善醫療環境、提供跨專業成癮治療及完善社會支持網絡，以協助回歸正常生活。本研究旨在探討影響成年毒品施用者生活品質之因素，以找尋有效影響因子。方法：利用結構式問卷，立意抽樣探討380位年滿20歲居住在社區且有使用毒品經驗者。運用台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷、創傷經驗量表，以階層迴歸模型檢視象徵個人復元資本之物質資本與創傷經驗對成年毒品施用者生活品質在生理、心理、社會關係、環境等四個子範疇之影響。結果：階層迴歸證實物質資本與創傷經驗對生活品質四個子範疇均有顯著解釋力（35-38%），且創傷經驗得分越高者，在生生活品質四個子範疇之得分越差。結論：代表物質資本之財務自評（含每月收入與收支自評）、居住、可獲得公共福利資源數量，對生活品質各子範疇均發揮預測力，創傷經驗對成年毒品施用者生活品質各子範疇亦具顯著預測方向。

Objectives: Following global trends, drug policy in Taiwan has shifted from goals of imprisonment and recidivism prevention to fostering a friendly medical environment and offering interdisciplinary addiction treatment and comprehensive social support networks to enable drug users to return to normal lives. This study investigated factors associated with the quality of life (QOL) of adults who use drugs. Methods: Using a structured questionnaire, this study investigated 380 individuals aged 20 years with experience of drug use through purposive sampling. Data were collected using the World Health Organization Quality Of Life Scale- BREF (Taiwan) to investigate the impacts of traumatic experiences and physical capital on QOL, and hierarchical regression was conducted. Results: Traumatic experiences and physical capital exhibited significant predictive power (35%–38%) for subcategories of QOL. Higher trauma experience scores were associated with lower QOL subcategory scores. Conclusions: Physical capital, including monthly income, revenue, expenditures, housing, and amount of accessible public welfare resources predicted subcategories of QOL. Furthermore, traumatic experience significantly predicted QOL among adults who used drugs.