憂世、憂生之辨：劉熙載詩品說外延探論

Distinction between Concern for the World and Concern for Life: Exploration on the Denotation of Liu Xizai's Poems

王國維《人間詞話》曾舉數例詩詞指出「詩人憂生」、「詩人憂世」的論題，無獨有偶，時代稍早於王國維的劉熙載也曾有「《大雅》之變，具憂世之懷；《小雅》之變，多憂生之意」的論調。本文梳理劉熙載關於「憂世」、「憂生」的說法，予以詮證之外，進而與他所主張的「詩品說」進行聯繫，透過《藝概》中可能與此相關的文獻，一一援引論證，說明了劉熙載的「詩品說」不僅止於舊有「詩三品」、「詞三品」的幾則文獻而已，更可以從「憂世」、「憂生」之辨，從而將劉熙載的「詩品說」予以外延擴大。

Wang Guowei's ''Renjian Cihua'' once cited several poems to point out the topics of ''poets worrying about life'' and ''poets worrying about the world''. Coincidentally, Liu Xizai, who was a little earlier than Wang Guowei, also had ''changes in ''Daya'', with a concern for the world; The change in ''Xiaoya'' means more worries about life''. This article sorts out Liu Xizai's statement about ''concern about the world'' and ''concern about life'', in addition to interpreting it, and then connects it with his ''poetry theory'', and quotes one by one through the literature that may be related to this in ''General Introduction'' The argument shows that Liu Xizai's ''Poetry Theory'' is not limited to the old literature on ''Poetry Three Grades'' and ''Ci Sanpin'', but also from the distinction between ''concern about the world'' and ''life''. ''Shipin Shuo'' has been extended and expanded.