《廣列仙傳》與《有象列仙全傳》之出版及其東傳

The Publication and Spread of Guang Lie Xian Zhuan and You Xiang Lie Xian Quan Zhuan

題名劉向撰《列仙傳》，魏、晉時流傳極盛，繼之者有葛洪《神仙傳》、沈汾《續仙傳》、杜光庭《墉城集仙錄》、《洞仙傳》等。時至晚明，《列仙傳》雖持續刊行，在出版技術進步與市場多元化情況下，出現收有數百仙人之《廣列仙傳》、繪有插圖之《有象列仙全傳》，以至傳記、圖繪、名句皆有且僧道合刻之《仙佛奇踪》。這些仙傳隨商舶東傳，以至江戶時期《書籍目錄》所記《列仙傳》已非劉向，而是「吳郡王世貞輯次，新都汪雲鵬校梓」的《有象列仙全傳》。故本篇從出版文化角度，以甚為江戶儒、佛兩家關注之《有象列仙全傳》為中心，首論與之相關的《廣列仙傳》東傳情況、作者張文介之交友以及與益藩關係。其次考察《有象列仙全傳》建陽、京都、大坂刊本，並探討真言宗僧運敞、禪僧淡海竺常與其出版關係。最後就《有象列仙全傳》與《仙佛奇踪》繪像，分析御用繪師狩野一溪、幕府儒官林羅山以及淨土宗僧月僊對《有象列仙全傳》之利用。從書籍出版角度延伸至社會文化，從中了解各階級身分人士彼此交流情況以及江戶時代對仙傳之受容。

The Lie Xian Zhuan written by Liu Xiang was very popular in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, followed by Ge Hong’s Biography of Immortals, Shen Fen’s The Sequel to Biography of Immortals, Du Guangting’s Yongcheng Qun Xian Lu, and Dongxian Zuan. In the late Ming Dynasty, although Lie Xian Zhuan continued to be published, Guang Lie Xian Zhuan which recorded hundreds of immortals, You Xiang Lie Xian Quan Zhuan with illustrations, and Xian Fo Qi Zong which recorded biographies, illustrations and famous sentences with monks and Immortals came out by the advancement of publishing technology and the diversification of the market. These books were brought to Japan with merchant ships and we can find that the Lie Xian Zhuan written in the Shosekimokuroku during the Edo period is not the one written by Liu Xiang, but the You Xiang Lie Xian Quan Zhuan. The dissemination of Guang Lie Xian Zhuan, the author Zhang Wenjie’s friendship and the relationship of Yifan will be discussed first from the publishing culture perspective in this paper. Second, the Jianyang, Kyoto, and Osaka editions of You Xiang Lie Xian Quan Zhuan, will be studied and the Shingon monk unsho, the Zen monk Daiten Kenjo and the relationship to its publications will be discussed. Finally, the use of You Xiang Lie Xian Quan Zhuan by the court painter Kano Yikei, the court scholar Hayashi Rasan, and the Pure Land Buddhist monk Gesen will be analyzed from the illustrations in You Xiang Lie Xian Quan Zhuan and Xian Fo Qi Zong. Extending from the perspective of book publishing to social culture, we can learn about the communication between people of different social classes and the acceptance of immortal tales in the Edo period.