精讀杜甫

A Close Reading of Du Fu

一直以來，杜甫因其充滿辛酸的人生和真誠生活的本性而受到人們的關注和讚揚。這是把作品視為了解杜甫的人生和人格的手段來閱讀的方式。我們必須把他的作品當作「目的」而不是「手段」來閱讀。如果以這種方式重新認識杜甫，那麼就會發現，他簡直就像是把自己和自己的人生看作是文學素材。換言之，人生似乎是為了作品而存在的。
杜甫雖然被視為「現實主義詩人」，但他並非原封不動地描寫任何人都能看到的現實，而是重新捕捉和描寫我們沒有注意到的現實的一面，甚至試圖描繪現實中雙眼無法看到的部分。
以往，動物和植物帶著在文學因襲中固定下來的作用而登場，它們變成了對人而言帶有寓意的存在。但是，在杜甫筆下，生物以其原本的姿態登場，也就是不帶寓意性。在他的詩中，人和其他生物平等地存在於世界上。這樣的世界觀在中國是獨特的。

For a long time, Du Fu has received people’s attention and praise for his true nature under a life full of bitterness. From this perspective, reading was just as a means of understanding Du Fu’s life and personality. However, we should read his work not as a “means” but as an “end.” Through revisiting Du Fu into this viewpoint, it is found that he almost regards himself and his own life as literary material. In other words, it seems that his life exists for the sake of his works.
Although Du Fu has been widely recognized as a “realist poet,” he did not simply depict the actual world. Instead, he recaptured and described the side of reality that were often overlooked, and even attempted to delineate parts of reality that were invisible to the naked eye.
In the past, animals and plants appeared with their roles fixed in literary conventions, and they became allegorical symbols for people. Nevertheless, in Du Fu’s works, creatures were portrayed in their natural state without any symbolic connotations. In his poetry, humans and other living beings existed equally in the world. This worldview was unique in Chinese literature.