國際關係非傳統安全研究的發展

A Review of Non-traditional Security Studies in International Relations

非傳統安全指的是除了戰爭外其他會威脅到國家安全的議題，在全球化的局勢下這些議題的重要性與日俱增，然而文獻上少有對這個國際關係的第三大次領域系統性的整理，本文討論非傳統安全的三大重要主題—能源安全、環境議題、恐怖主義，以及其他議題如糧食安全、移民與難民議題、跨國犯罪、以及傳染病，除了回顧相關文獻並探討其趨勢外，本文認為非傳統安全的議題仍不斷在擴充中，並點出全球化下科技在這些議題中扮演的重要角色。

Non-traditional security (NTS) issues refer to any issues other than wars that will threaten national security. The importance of NTS issues has been increasing as globalization has accelerated. The literature, however, lacks a systematic review of NTS research, which is arguably the third largest subfield in international relations. This paper focuses on three major NTS issues—energy security, environmental issues, and terrorism, and also briefly discusses other NTS issues, including food security, migration and refugees, transnational crime, and pandemics. In addition to reviewing the relevant literature on each issue and pointing out the potential areas for future research, this paper argues that the scope of NTS issues keeps expanding and that technology plays a key role in these issue areas in the era of globalization.