患者知情同意能力研判

Study on Patient Informed Consent Capacity

患者知情同意能力之判定，關涉患者知情同意權利。迄今為止，學界關於患者知情同意能力之判斷，有行為能力說、識別能力說、意思能力浮動說等多種觀點，鑒於醫療領域的特殊性，基於保護患者知情同意權利、防範醫療風險之考量，在理論上，應將患者知情同意能力從民法上的行為能力和侵權法上的識別能力區分開，形成患者知情同意能力之獨立判定標準；在實踐中，應當構設醫學評估和司法裁决二元化認定模式，並確定醫學評估前置性地位和司法裁决的終局性地位。

Clarifying the ability of informed consent is related to the patients right of informed consent. So far, there are many viewpoints on the judgment of patients' informed consent ability in academic circles, such as behavioral ability theory, recognition ability theory, will ability floating theory and so on. In the view of the particularity of the medical field, considerating to protect patients' informed consent rights and preventing medical risks, in theory, patients' informed consent ability should be distinguished from the behavioral ability in civil law and the identification ability in tort law, which should be established the independent judgment standard of patients' informed consent ability. In practice, we should structure a dual recognition model of medical evaluation and judicial adjudication, and determine the pre-position of medical evaluation and the final position of judicial adjudication.