21世紀的澳洲與亞洲的區域秩序

Australia and Asia's Regional Order in the 21st Century

澳洲當前在亞洲的優先目標有二：維護安全利益以及拓展經濟機會。澳洲的地理位置使其擁有很大的戰略優勢，因其遠離世界強權衝突的中心，其鄰國亦不存在足以造成攻擊的爭端。但隨著中國在亞洲逐漸崛起為強權，澳洲勢須思考其在亞洲的戰略關係，特別是與中國以及美國之間的關係。本文針對中澳、以及美澳之間的關係進行探討。自1970年代早期中澳外交關係正常化後，中澳在政治、經濟與戰略方面有廣泛聯繫，中國亦取代日本成為澳洲最大貿易夥伴，雙方亦於2013年締結戰略夥伴協定，然而，近年來中澳關係依然具有許多摩擦，如前澳洲總理陸克文（Kevin Rudd）曾指責中國在新疆與西藏議題上的人權問題，2013年中國單方面宣布空防識別區（ADIZ）亦使得中澳之間的關係惡忙，故中澳關係的可能發展依然有待探討。

Historically, Australia has been seen by its neighbors as something of an outcast in Asia. A European settler colony with a history of institutionalized discrimination against those from Asia looking to come to its shores, Australia has struggled to overcome an image problem in its own region. For some, Australia's security alliance with the United States has made it more difficult to develop genuinely deep relationships and forge trust with Asian neighbors. This narrative has been particularly popular in recent years, with some observers claiming that Australia has to make a choice between its traditional security partner, the US, and its most important trading partner, China.