非酒精性脂肪肝病和肝臟外癌症的檢視

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induce extrahepatic cancer

非酒精性脂肪肝病乃系列肺疾病，主要乃無酗酒但有三酸甘油脂沉澱在肺細胞中。臨床上非酒精性脂肪肝病包括簡單性脂肪肝和肝細胞發炎（非酒精性脂肪肝炎 ），甚至可能惡化為肝纖維化、肝硬化和肝癌。非酒精性脂肪肝是造成肝臟外癌症的危險因子，特別是胃腸道的癌症。非酒精性脂肪肝的致癌原因尚不清楚，然因常伴有高胰島素血症，以致產生胰島素似生長因子，會增加細胞分裂，減少自然凋亡能力，而且脂肪肝能產生脂肪細胞素，進而促進前驅性發炎細胞素，故提高致癌風險。建議患者改善生活型態，包括健康的飲食習慣和多運動。

Nonalcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of liver disease characterized by triglyceride deposits in hepatocytes without significant alcoholic consumption. NAFLD represents a broad clinical spectrum of disease ranging from simple hepatic steatosis to inflammation of hepatocyte (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH), then, that can progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, NAFLD appears a new emerging risk factor for the onset of extrahepatic cancer, particularly in the development of carcinogenesis of NAFLD is unclear, however, the hyperinsulinemia in NAFLD increases the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which has mitogenic and anti-apoptotic activities. In addition, fatty liver leads to produce adipocytokines which, in turn, favor an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is advisable for these subjects to adopt correct lifestyles including healthy eating habits and avoid sedentariness.