台籍日語作家東山彰良《小小的地方》研究－－「複寫羊皮紙」樣貌的紋身街之少年成長故事－－

A Study on A Small Place by the Taiwanese-Japanese Writer Akira Higashiyama: The Bildungsroman of a Young Boy Born at the “Palimpsest-like” Tattoo Street

台籍日語作家東山彰良，繼直木獎得獎作《流》、《我殺的人與殺我的人》之後，發表了以台灣為背景的第三部小說《小小的地方》（文藝春秋，2019.11）。此作以少年小武為主角，描繪了一個在台北西門町展開的少年成長故事。本論文首先將西門町的地景視為李明璁所言之「複寫羊皮紙」，將紋身的象徵意義，分為「作為身份認同」等積極意義和「逃避的修辭學」等消極意義來分析，凸顯此地龍蛇雜處的思想上的「複寫羊皮紙」價值觀。再者，從「透視法（perspective）」（遠近法）的概念出發，論述了「標註假名」及註解，如何產生語言‧文化上的「複寫羊皮紙」的效果。此外，關注此作作為教養小說（成長小說）的面向，闡明刺青意義的辯證，如何帶給小武的價值觀這張結構上的「複寫羊皮紙」影響以及反復消去／覆蓋的過程。相對於將西門町理想化為烏托邦的「依愛（amae）」，諷刺地描繪了對於社會的邊緣人來說，這裡是一個反烏托邦世界。並考察上述價值觀衝突及交涉，如何形塑主角身份認同形成的過程。

Akira Higashiyama, a Taiwanese-Japanese writer, published his novel A Small Place (by Bungeishunju Ltd. in Nov. 2019) which is set in Taiwan. The novel, featuring a young boy named Xiaowu, depicts a Bildungsroman unfolding in Ximending, Taipei City. In this thesis, the landscape of Ximending is regarded as “palimpsest” described by Lee, Ming-Tsung, and the symbolic meaning of tattoos is divided into positive meaning and negative meaning. Additionally, starting from the concept of “perspective”, this thesis discusses “furigana” and annotation as well as how to present the form of a piece of “palimpsest”. What’s more, this thesis aims to take the novel as an example of bildungsroman novel, and illustrates the dialectical significance of the tattoos, including how it affects the formation of Xiaowu’s values. This thesis also examines the conflict and negotiation of the aforementioned values as well as how to retrospect the process of the formation of identity.