民事略式訴訟程式初論

略式程式是從羅馬法普通程式簡化變革過程中分化出來的獨立的特種訴訟程序，與普通程式的簡化版簡易程式分屬不同的程式範疇。各具體略式程式用途各異，但共用核心程式元素而具有家族相似性：略式程式的目的不是解紛，而是迅速形成執行名義；不對主訴案件進行完整、實質審理即作出裁判；其裁判有形式確定力和執行力，沒有既判力。略式程式與普通程式相通，但不依附於訴訟程式而獨立運行。它在程式標的、程式結構、審理方式和裁判效力上與非訟程式有本質區別。略式程式適合於當事人對權利義務關係沒有實質爭議、對及時實現權利或尋求預防性保護有迫切需要的案件。其運行機理遵循實體權利邏輯。為確保程式正當性，略式程式保障當事人法定聽審權，並賦予當事人異議權。當事人的異議構成實質爭議的應當終結程式。

Summary procedure are independent special procedures differentiated from the summaria cognition in Roman law, which belongs to different program categories from the simplified version of ordinary procedure. The specific summary procedures have different purposes, but they share core procedural elements and have family resemblance: the purpose of the summary procedure is not to resolve disputes, but to form the name of execution quickly; the judgment shall be made without the complete and substantive trial of the main lawsuit and has formal determination and execution, without res judicata. The summary procedure is interlinked with the ordinary procedure, but it is not attached to it and should stand independently. It has crucial differences from non-litigation procedure in terms of procedural object, structure, trial mode and judgment effectiveness. A summary procedure is appropriate for cases in which the parties have no substantial dispute, but need for realizing the rights timely or seeking preventive protection urgently. Its operation mechanism follows the logic of substantive rights. In order to ensure the legitimacy of the procedure, the summary procedure guarantees the legal hearing right and gives the parties the right to object. If the objection of the parties constitutes a substantial dispute, the proceedings shall be terminated.