教師情境判斷測驗運用於師資培育：各國與臺灣經驗

Teachers' Situational Judgment Tests Applied in Teacher Education: Experiences in Taiwan and Other Countries

本文主要目的在於介紹教師工作的情境判斷測驗（situational judgment tests, SJTs）運用於師資培育的現況。情境判斷測驗是指呈現真實工作場域所遇到的問題，請受測者針對效能優劣不一的選項作答，從中得知其是否具備勝任該工作的潛力。本文將討論目前師資生甄選指標的困境、SJTs的優點、國外在教師SJTs研究的現況，以及國內教師SJTs於師資培育之進展。綜觀國外目前所發展的教師SJTs，多數題目與人際關係及班級管理有關，並以中學教師與小學教師為主；在題數方面，均為單一題本的形式，題數介於8至35題間。同時，已有少數研究試圖將教師SJTs導入師資生甄選之中。另一方面，從臺灣發展教師SJTs的成果，目前已針對現有四項師資類科，包含中等教育、小學教育、幼兒教育及特殊教育，建置題庫及線上施測系統，提供全國師資單位使用。針對現有對教師SJTs的研究，本文亦提出教師SJTs未來在師資培育的角色，分別為做為師資生甄選的工具、做為師資培育的教材，以及做為師培課程的檢核工具。臺灣是東亞目前唯一在師資培育中使用教師SJTs的國家，無論是題庫建置的方式，或是轉化成教材，其獨特經驗均值得各國借鏡。

The main purpose of this article is to introduce the current situation of the application of situational judgment tests (SJTs) for teachers' work in teacher education. SJTs refer to presenting the problems and several behavior options encountered in the real work field, and the subjects can be shown whether they have the potential for the job by choosing more effective options. This article will discuss the current predicament of the selection indicators for student teachers, the advantages of SJTs, the current research aboard on teachers' SJTs, and the progress of domestic teachers' SJTs in teacher education. Regards to the current development of SJTs for teachers abroad, most of the items are related to interpersonal relationships and class management, and are mainly for middle school teachers and primary school teachers. In terms of the number of items, all of these SJTs are in the form of a single item booklet, with the number of items ranging from 8 to 35. Meanwhile, a few studies have attempted to use teachers' SJTs in the selection of student teachers. On the other hand, the development of SJTs for teachers in Taiwan has now established an item bank and an online testing system for four trains of teacher education, including secondary education, primary education, early childhood education and special education. In view of the existing research on teachers' SJTs, this article also proposes the role of teachers' SJTs in teacher education in the future, as a selection tool for student teachers, as teaching materials for teacher education, and as a verification tool for teacher education courses. Taiwan is currently the only country in East Asia that uses SJTs for teachers in teacher education. Whether it is the way in which item banks are constructed or converted into teaching materials, its unique experience is worthy of reference by other countries.