原住民族文化融入幼兒STEAM教學設計之探究

An Exploration of the Infusion of Indigenous Culture into the STEAM Instructional Design for Young Children

從原住民族知識體系觀點來設計原住民學生的教材教法已成為目前原住民教育的趨勢。STEAM教育強調針對生活中的問題，透過工程設計與製作，運用科學探究、數學思考、科技與工具，促進製作的品質並解決問題，藝術的融入可幫助學生運用多元思考方式解決問題並促進理解其他學科知能。本文目的為探討原住民族文化融入幼兒STEAM教學活動設計，並以趕鳥器為例，提出STEAM教學設計的實例，提供給幼兒教保服務人員參考。在發展原住民幼兒STEAM教學活動時，可以運用5E學習環教學模式，歷程包括：投入（Engagement）、探索（Exploration）、解釋（Explanation）、精緻化（Elaboration）與評鑑（Evaluation），並參考幼兒園教保活動課程大綱認知領域與美感領域。然而教學設計者需要對當地的原住民文化與幼兒有所瞭解，從原住民族知識體系的觀點來設計適合幼兒的STEAM教學活動。

There is a trend towards designing the teaching materials and methods for indigenous students from the perspective of indigenous knowledge systems. The STEAM education emphasizes problem solving in life. Through engineering design and making, scientific inquiry, mathematical thinking, and technology and tools, it can help students to improve the quality of making and problem solving. The integration of arts can also help students to apply their diverse thinking styles to solve problems and to understand other disciplinary knowledge. The purpose of this article aims to discuss the infusion of indigenous culture into the STEAM instructional design. It takes a bird repellent as an instructional design example in STEAM education, which provides a reference for early childhood educators. It is suggested to apply the 5E learning cycle to design instructional activities in STEAM education, including the process of engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, and evaluation. The cognition domain and aesthetic domain in the Early Childhood Education and Care Curriculum Framework can also be referred in the instructional design. However, it is important for instructional designers to understand the local indigenous cultures and young children, and to design instructional activities in STEAM education for young children from the perspective of indigenous knowledge systems.