責任政治的思考──以鄒文海為核心的討論

The Idea of Responsible Government: On Zou Wen-Hai’s democratic thought and its implication

本論文以政治學前輩鄒文海先生的著述為例，探討兩種責任理念：「政治責任」與「治理責任」。前者因民主選舉而有，是制度性的安排；後者則因政府本分的認識而有，比較是思想意識的產物。鄒氏支持民主選舉，同時確信政府自有其應盡之職責本分。為使民主普選成為促成政府做好本分應為之「治理責任」的助力而非阻力，乃訴之於良好政黨政治的運作。本文雖對鄒氏的寄望表示質疑，卻嘗試說明鄒氏繫念之「治理責任」仍未可放棄的道理。最後，則以臺灣憲政與政黨政治的具體情勢為例，簡略說明「治理責任」雖不可棄，但主政者若未能審時度勢，尋求共識，也不必能帶來鄒氏預期的良好結果。

How to think about the idea of responsible government? If it means the government must respond to the voters’ and their delegators’ will through the election and the check-and-balance institution, then it is a democratic and responsive government, but is it responsible? The paper tries to introduce another idea of responsible government, which is originated from the ancient Chinese political world and political thought, and taking the people’s livelihood and education as the essential duty of the government or governor. We may call it as governing responsibility, in contrast with the idea of political responsibility which occurred from the popular election and in the name of popular sovereignty. Zou, Wen-hai’s is always my admirable professional father, and this study is an interpretation of his idea on the responsible government.