中文摘要 |
人工智能技術(AI)做為現代顛覆性技術,使得戰爭型態從信息化向智能化演進,為搶佔此一新的戰略制高點,美、中、俄、日等世界主要國家莫不加大投入力道唯恐落後。AI軍事化應用已成為日本軍事建設的主要方向,在防衛省的政策指導下,利用產官學合作做為軍民融合方式來推動AI軍事化應用,重點置於無人載具及網路攻防。日本遵循現實主義的思維,藉由推動AI軍事化應用來提升軍力以確保國家安全,實屬正常。然而二戰戰敗的結果,使得和平主義受到學界及民間的擁護,包括反戰、專守防衛及倫理等因素,使得日本AI的軍事應用面臨比其他國家更多的挑戰,兩者拉鋸的結果將對日本未來防衛政策走向及軍事能力造成重要影響。 As a disruptive technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has made the evolution of warfare from informatization to intelligentization. In order to seize this new strategy at its early stage, major countries in the world, such as the United States, China, Russia, and Japan, have increased their investment in intelligentization for fear of falling behind. In Japan, the military applications of AI have become the main direction of the country’s military construction. Under the policy guidance of the Ministry of Defense, industry-government-academic cooperation is used as a means of military-civilian integration to promote the military applications of AI, with emphasis on unmanned vehicles and cyberwarfare.Furthermore, it is normal for Japan to follow a realistic mindset by promoting the militarization of AI to increase its military strength and to ensure national security. However, as a fallout of World War II, Pacifism is overwhelmingly supported by academics and civilians in Japan. Pacifism consists of anti-war ideology, exclusively focused on a defense-oriented policy, and ethics etc., which makes Japan face more difficulties when compared to other countries in the field of AI’s military applications. Thus, the results of the struggle between Realism and Pacifism will greatly influence the development of Japan’s defense policy and military capabilities as well. |