中文摘要 |
台灣的兩黨制是否會動搖?作為威權繼承的政黨(Authoritarian Successor Party),國民黨保留了威權體制的「遺產」,從而壓制新興政黨的崛起,以維持其既有力量。然同時也因組織過度龐大而肇生「負面」影響,成為黨內對立與分裂等的關鍵因素。此外,儘管國民黨能夠規範民主化後的政治體制,但是允許民進黨崛起,反而削弱其力量。關鍵因素在於,國民黨當初是高舉「反共」口號進行專制統治,卻在2000年首次因政黨輪替成為在野黨後,在改善與中國關係的面向上找到活路,然這也意味著國民黨實質上放棄了「反共」政策。在中國採取了強硬對台政策的現在,國民黨的力量仍未見復甦之勢。今後,台灣的政黨體系是否會走向民進黨主導的一黨優勢體制,取決於第三勢力能否闡明與兩大政黨不同的對中政策,及該政策能否被絕大多數中間選民接受有關。 Will Taiwan keep a Two-party system in the future? As anAuthoritarian Successor Party (ASP) in Taiwan, Kuomintang (KMT) maintains their power by reserving their“legacy”while suppressing the rise of new political parties. On the other hand, when an organization becomes colossal, the“legacy”is often a factor for the party to divide and cause internal conflicts. Although KMT could regulate the political regime after the democratization of Taiwan, their power shrank and led to the rise of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). The main reason was the change of KMT’s China policy. Their primary narrative was anti Chinese Communism in the autocratic period, but after the party lost the national election in 2000, they abandoned their policy to get support from China. As KMT found a road in their new China policy, it also means they have abandoned their previous anti-Chinese Communism policy. Despite China is taking a stronger anti-Taiwan policy, KMT is still unable to regain their political power.In the current Taiwan's party system, the DDP's move towards a dominant-party system will be determined by whether the third poles can differentiate itself from the two major parties' China policies and if the majority median voters could accept its policy. |