中高齡者對百香果蛋糕，的養生認知與購買意願之相關研究──以感官品評喜好為中介變數

The Relationship Between Health Awareness and Purchase Intention of Passion Fruit Cake in Middle-aged and Seniors - With Sensory Evaluation Preference as a Mediating Variable

南投縣是台灣的惟一內陸縣，其高齡人口數佔全國第四位，足以顯示高齡人口的養生需求也日趨重要。百香果素有水果之王的稱號，其含有多種的營養成分及膳食纖維，還有鉀、鋅等豐富的礦物質，對中老人的腸胃及視力等有很大的助益，甚至血壓、血脂和血糖等的控制也都有所幫助。可見百香果除了營養豐富外同時也是營養價值很高的水果。本研究採用在地優質的百香果做結合研發（酸、甜、苦）三種口味適合中高齡者食用之養生蛋糕，探討中高齡者對於三種養生蛋糕的養生認知及感官品評，進而了解其購買意願。本研究以南投縣45歲以上之中高齡者為研究對象，透過試吃後經過品評過程與填寫問卷方式進行統計分析。回收的有效樣本共387份，有效樣本回收率96%。對於養生認知、感官品評及購買意願之間的關係，經研究顯示各構面間多呈現中度顯著的正相關。並經由迴歸分析中得知感官品評喜好在養生認知對購買意願的中介效果是呈現部分中介效果，另外還觀察出酸口味的養生百香果蛋糕是最受中高齡者喜愛的。此研究所得的結果，除了提供給製造者作為開發商品的參考依據外，同時也可以提供給中高齡者對於甜點的選擇有更多的認識。

Nantou County is the only non-coastal county in Taiwan. It has an aged population that ranked fourth in the country, which serves to illustrate the growing significance of health awareness and needs of the aged population. Passion fruit is known as the“King of Fruits”in Taiwan. It contains a variety of nutrients and dietary fibers, as well as rich sources of minerals like potassium and zinc, which are beneficial to the elders’digestive system and eyesight. In addition, the fruit is not only rich in nutrients but also high in nutritional values as well, as it has been known to assist in controlling blood pressure, blood lipids and glucose levels. In this study, we explored using locally-grown passion fruits in developing healthy cakes that are suitable for consumption by the middle-aged and senior adults. The cakes are available in three flavors–sweet, sour and bitter, and the study explored the health awareness and sensory evaluation of the middle-aged and senior adults on these dessert items, and further investigated their purchase intention. Middle-aged and senior adults aged over 45 years in Nantou County were recruited as study subjects in taste-testing and evaluation through questionnaire format. A total of 387valid samples were collected with an effective recovery rate of 96%. The study showed that there were moderately significant positive correlations between various dimensions of relationship between heath awareness, sensory evaluation and purchase intention; regression analysis revealed that preference of sensory evaluation had partial mediating effect on health awareness to purchase intention. The study also showed that sour-flavored passion fruit cake is most preferred by the middle-aged and senior adults. The results of the study can not only serve as reference for manufacturer on developing future products, but also increases the awareness of the middle-aged and senior populations on alternative choices of desserts.