迴家：天理教台籍女佈教師的離返與信仰

Migration and Belief: Taiwanese Female Tenrikyo Missionaries and Their Return Home

本文旨在探討「家、信仰和女性遷徙」三者的關係，透過天理教台籍女佈教師的離返與信仰經驗，找出她們迴家的脈絡與機制。本文以布迪厄（Pierre Bourdieu）的場域理論為工具，利用參與觀察、深度訪談、文獻整理、照片引談收集到十三位女佈教師的經歷，以其中三位不同世代和入信契機者及其家人的敘事內容進行分析。研究發現，她們累積宗教資本、善用其他資本以建構權力的場域，包括：有頻繁的移動經驗，有相對自主、掌控與表達的神聖空間，宗教事業來自家庭的阻力少助力多。她們恪遵從夫、幫夫的性別規範，讓家庭和宗教事業相得益彰；她們奉行以神為上、與神同在的準則，面對外在紛擾，避開人我是非，求得身心安適，這正是家庭場和宗教場潛藏的遊戲邏輯與實踐邏輯。

This article investigates the relationship between family, beliefs, and female migration by exploring the experiences of Taiwanese female Tenrikyo missionaries. This work attempts to understand the context and mechanisms of their return home. Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory serves as an instrument of analysis for addressing the experiences of 13 female missionaries, collected through various methods such as participant observations, in-depth interviews, assessment of documentary materials, and discussions of photographs. From these, three individuals, all from different generations and who revealed different religious conversion stories, as well as the narratives of their families, have been more carefully analyzed. This research finds that the female missionaries accumulate religious capital and are adept at using other forms of capital to establish fields of authority. Their stories include experiences of frequent migration; of participation in sacred spaces that are relatively autonomous, where they express themselves independently; of religious undertakings with a great deal of mental, financial, and labor assistance, and little resistance from their families. They respectfully abide by the gender norms of following and assisting one’s husband, so that the family businesses and religious undertakings can complement. They adhere to the principle of putting God first and joining together with God, important attitudes in confronting external disturbances, avoiding gossip, and seeking physical and mental well-being. This is precisely the logic of the game and the practical logic underlying their negotiations between the family and religious fields.