臺灣教育政策與政治關係分析之研究

Analysis of the relationship between Taiwan's education policy and politics

在人類社會中，教育和政治應該分屬兩個不同的概念，西方哲學家康得在《論教育》一書中曾說：「人類最艱難的工程，唯政治與教育二事。」，無論從東、西方，從歷史的進程乃至當今現實的生活中，教育與政治兩者卻一直脫離不了密切而微妙的關係。在臺灣的教育歷程中，教育與政治社會環境的變遷也息息相關，不同的政治統治者，同樣的，都可看出企圖以政治手段操控或干預教育的痕跡，教育甚至成為被用來鞏固政權最好也最高尚的手段。政治與教育的影響是交互的、也是廣泛的，政府對於教育在社會上的作用及政局的穩定等，都有非常大的影響。本文以縱貫面的歷史探究，探討臺灣自日本統治時期起，不同的政治背景環境下，影響臺灣教育發展的政策演進，其背景脈絡與對臺灣社會的影響。

In human society, education and politics should belong to two different concepts. In his book on education, the western philosopher Conrad once said, 'the most difficult project for human beings is politics and education. However, no matter from the east or the west, from the historical process or even today's real life, education and politics have always been closely and delicately related. In Taiwan's educational history, education is closely related to the changes in the political and social environment. Different political rulers, similarly, can see traces of attempts to manipulate or interfere with education by political means, which has even become the best and most esoic means of consolidating power. The influence of politics and education is interactive and extensive. The government has a great influence on the role of education in society and the stability of the political situation. This article uses a longitudinal historical inquiry to explore the policy evolution of Taiwan's educational development under different political backgrounds since the Japanese rule, its background and its influence on Taiwanese society.