量體流動與風的時空政治──以大林蒲的空氣污染為例

"Fluid Volume Thinking and Politics of Air/Wind: Case of Dalinpu, Taiwan"

工業都市化下的空污，主要是人為排放的空氣污染物，與特定的大氣條件（包括風、氣壓等）複合生成的災害性天氣事件。目前既有環境污染災害研究，或是低碳轉型或是風險認識，大多是從空氣污染物的角度出發，相對較少關照空污乘載於「空氣與風的流動」，也因此缺乏一種人與「空氣與風之三維立體量體環境」互動的思考。本文承繼Tim Ingold揭露的「天氣世界（weather world）：人與天氣交混（commingling）」，主張置身於空氣中的人類，雖然無法觸摸（touch）到風，但應可以感知（feel）到風。我們進一步論證：人與空污在風中交纏的身體實作，就是一種「透過空污看見風」的體察，稱為人在天氣世界中的量體流動思維（fluid volume thinking）。本文以高雄大林蒲的案例，歸納常民量體流動思維的三個特徵：（1）來自身體的、直覺式的經驗與知識，（2）所有思考都具有空間方向性，以及（3）是一種海、陸、空混合下的時間與空間「節奏」。這樣的量體流動思維，有助於我們認識天氣世界中的居民如何在與空污糾纏過程中，動態地建構了自身、大氣、工廠間的關係，以及掌握如何將空氣與風，納入都市土地使用政策過程的可能性。

"Air pollution is an undeniable atmospheric phenomenon. Most publications about air pollution are concerned with human risk perception regarding pollution particles and energy transition in relation to the restructuring of the carbon economy. Less attention has been paid to the politics of air and wind on the one hand and the interactions between human and''three-dimensional, voluminous environment of air and wind''on the other hand. This paper aims to fill this gap. Inspired by Volume Geography scholars in general and environmental anthropologist Tim Ingold in particular, we argue that the politics of air pollution and wind needs to be understood in the context of the''weather-world''(the''comingling''of humans and the weather). Although wind as voluminous environment seems intangible, humans can still''feel''the wind via what we call''fluid volume thinking.''Three features of fluid volume thinking can be identified: (1) local experience and knowledge tends to be both bodily and intuitive, (2) people's daily thinking includes spatial directionality, and (3) people's daily life corresponds to the spatial and temporal''rhythm''of the mixture of sea, land and air. This kind of fluid volume thinking can explain how the temporal and spatial relationship between residents, the atmosphere, and factories is socially and politically constructed in the face of air pollution. Our theoretical framework is further empirically examined through the case of Dalinpu in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, a fenceline community surrounded by heavy industry factories where the first environmentalist movement successfully terminated an industrial zone project in the name of the preservation of wind."