犯罪現實與刑罰的社會控制：基於刑罰目的論的反思

警方犯罪統計中的犯罪現實，在某種程度僅是一幅扭曲的犯罪圖景。犯罪的追訴與懲罰不單純是官方對「客觀犯罪」的反映，更是刑罰的社會控制機制的產物。不起訴人數增加並不意味著檢察機關更加收放自如地行使了不起訴的裁量權。自由刑在法院量刑中的地位非常顯著，重刑比重在危害公共安全、妨害社會管理秩序罪和財產犯罪中過於顯著。刑罰的社會控制背後，暗含著人們對刑罰目的論的不同理解，在人們的觀念裡，絕對的刑罰理論從來都未曾「過時」，相對的預防論之功能性效果被高估，刑罰對人們行為的影響只是一種相關但不必然蘊含因果的關係。「社會需要多少犯罪」這一設問，可以引導人們對刑罰的社會控制進行反思，並在此基礎上謀求新的出路。

"The reality of crime in police crime statistics is, to some extent, a distorted picture of crime. The prosecution and punishment of crime is not simply an official response to ''objective crime'', but a product of the social control mechanisms of punishment. The increase in the number of non-prosecutions does not mean that prosecutors are freer to exercise their discretion to prosecute. The position of Imprisonment in the sentencing of the court is very significant, especially in the crime of endangering public security, obstructing the administration of public order and property crime. The social control of punishment implies a different understanding of the teleology of punishment, in which the absolute theory of punishment has never been ''outdated'' and the functional effect of the relative theory of prevention has been overestimated, and the impact of punishment on people's behaviour is only a relevant but not necessarily causal relationship. The question ''how much crime does a society need'' can lead to a reflection on the social control of punishment and help us to seek a new way forward based on that reflection."