從訊息處理理論的觀點探討遠距教學的課程設計

Investigation of Course Design in Distance Education based on Information Processing Theory

由於新冠病毒疫情的爆發，全球的經濟、教育、文化及生態受到了巨大的影響。在教育方面，為了不中斷學習，「遠距教學」成為疫情衝擊下一個最佳的選擇方式。本文首先介紹「遠距教學」及「訊息處理理論」的基本概念，進而說明學生在「遠距教學」方式上可能會遇到的學習障礙及造成學習阻礙的因素。接著，探討在遠距教學的過程中，影響學習者學習成效的重要元素，並且針對「訊息處理理論」中所提到的三個學習階段，亦即認知形成期、知識內化期、反應及回饋期，對遠距課程的設計及教授方式提出建議，希望藉由重新思索遠距課程設計的流程與細節，達到提升學生學習動機的目的，進而使學校教育能培養學生主動學習的求知能力，以確保競爭力。

"Since the beginning of year 2020, the global economy, education, culture and ecology have been dramatically impacted by the outbreak of COVID-19. In order to sustain the process of learning, the distance education has become one of the preferred options. In this article, the distance education and the concepts of information processing theory will first be introduced, followed by elaborating the possible barriers to which students will encounter in the distance education and the factors which influence the learning effectiveness will be discussed. Meanwhile, suggestions regarding the course design and teaching methods will be provided for different stages (i.e. perceptual encoding, central processing, responding and feedback) which are described in the information processing theory. Through reconsidering the process flow and details of course design in distance education, it is anticipated that students’ learning motivation can be elevated and, in turn, the ability of active learning can be cultivated to ensure their competitive advantages."