從校長領導脆弱性探析新課綱的變革行動：兼論領導的轉運力

From the Principal's Leadership Vulnerability to Explore the Change of New Curriculum: Concurrently on the Serendipity of Leadership

企業的雇主可以徵聘員工、改變薪資結構及訂定紅利制度等，但國內公立中小學校長則沒有這些工具與籌碼，故針對法職權及資源不多的學校領導者，在新課綱之課程變革正如火如荼展開的同時，如何提出適合中小學組織情境的有效新課程變革行動，值得我們加以探析。國內公立中小學校長在校務治理面臨諸多問題，惟校長仍要承擔重要角色。循此，十二國民基本教育課程綱要之新課程變革推動更須仰賴校長成為有效課程變革領導者。基於上述，本文首先從鉅觀、中觀及微觀之系統觀點探析學校領導，其次探討國內公立中小校長領導的脆弱性並研擬案例分析，接著從理智、情感及環境營造三方面闡明校長進行教育變革的行動架構並以推動十二年國民基本教育新課綱為例，最後探究面對領導脆弱性，校長應如何展現領導變革的轉運力，將學校原本不利的因子轉變成為契機並創造美好的新課程及教育成果，並從反身性觀點省思校長領導的脆弱性，冀望本文能提供學校校長及教育人員推動新課程之參考。

"Some employers can recruit employees, change the salary structure, and set the bonus system. However, public primary and secondary school principals do not have these tools in Taiwan. Therefore, school leaders with limited resources face many challenges. The curriculum reform is in full swing in Taiwan. Apparently, proposing effective new curriculum reform suitable for the organizational situation of primary and secondary schools is worthy of analysis. The public primary and secondary school principals face many problems in school governance, but school principal still has to play an important role. Following this, the new curriculum reform of the 12 National Basic Education Curriculum Outline must rely on the principal to become an effective curriculum change leader. Based on the above, this paper first analyzes the school leaders from the systemic perspectives of macro level, meso level and micro level. Secondly, this paper discusses the vulnerability of the leaders of public primary and secondary schools in Taiwan and develops case studies. Then the paper clarifies principal leadership from three aspects: rationality, emotion and environment. The change of three aspects is to take the 12th year of the new national basic education curriculum as an example. Finally, the author explores school principals should demonstrate the serendipity of leadership, and transform the original unfavorable factors of the school into opportunities. According to the paper, the author provides some suggestions for school principals and educators."