英文摘要 |
"Although there are detailed descriptions of yamato verbs with transitive and intransitive usage in Japanese, we do not know the relationship between these descriptions and actual usage. The purpose of this paper is to investigate yamato verbs with transitive and intransitive usage of BCCWJ, and to clarify the usage tendency of those verbs. Specifically, it aims to clarify the followings. (a) Is the transitive usage or the intransitive usage more common, and why? (b) What kind of usage is more often seen in the transitive(intransitive) usages, and why?As for (a), it is clear that transitive usage appears more frequently than intransitive usage, because transitive usage includes many untypical transitive constructions, such as idiomatic expression or reflexive usage. In particular, a high percentage of idiomatic expression appears in BCCWJ. Regarding (b ), usages that transitive usage is dominant are untypical transitive constructions, while usages that intransitive usage is dominant denote natural and physiological phenomena, i.e., typically expressed by intransitive construction. The phenomenon of yamato verbs with transitive and intransitive usage in Japanese can be considered to come from the fact that events may be expressed by intransitive construction are expressed by transitive construction. 先前研究對於和語自他兩用動詞的種類及其用法有詳細的記述,但這些記述與實際的使用狀況之間的關聯性不明確。本稿調查BCCWJ中的和語自他兩用動詞的用法及其使用傾向,具體的研究目的有以下兩項。(a)自動詞用法,抑或是他動詞用法較為多見?其理由為何?(b)自他動詞用法較為多見的用法各有哪些?其理由為何?關於(a)由本次調查結果可以得知,和語自他兩用動詞的他動詞用法較自動詞用法多見,這是因為他動詞用法中包含了慣用句化的表現及反身用法,特別是慣用句化的表現在BCCWJ中出現的比例相當高。關於(b),他動詞用法較為多見的用法多出現在非典型的他動詞句中,但相對於此,自動詞用法較為多見的用法則出現在表自然現象或生理現象等典型的自動詞句中。由於日語的他動詞句亦能夠表示由自動詞句所表示的事態,因此,我們可以說日語的和語自他兩用動詞之所以同時具有自他動詞用法,是由原本能以自動詞句表示的事態由他動詞句來表示所引起的。" |