《群書治要》君臣觀取鑒之《左傳》要義

The Significance of Zuo Zhuan under the View of the Monarch-Subject Standpoint of Qun Shu Zhi Yao

《群書治要》由魏徵等人編選成書，順應唐太宗的治國需求，而別具時代義涵。此書編錄唐以前經、史、諸子群籍之精要內容，堪稱是中國傳統政治要籍的一次彙編。其中編選《左傳》三卷，反映全書之君臣觀，以及中國政治倫理中特有的民本思想。貞觀君臣認為君應「社稷是主」，臣則「社稷是養」，君、臣皆當以社稷為依歸。而且，明君應當舉賢，賢佐則理應規誨箴諫，匡正補過，共維社稷，穩固邦基。唯其明君、賢佐共守社稷是「君臣一體」的理想型態，編纂者相當注重《左傳》所載臣子之諫言以及薦賢、舉賢等事蹟，採錄以資帝王鑒戒，殆亦有意以此規勸帝王，克欲、修德、納諫、舉賢，理解為臣之難，知曉為君不易。鑒照者以戒偏邪而求端正為目的，而臣子諫諍又往往意味著對君主決策的抗爭，「君臣一體」的政治思想固然以一體同心為基本立場，其中未嘗沒有君臣之間的權力拮抗。《群書治要》編纂者於取捨之際，既反映貞觀君臣的取鑒觀念，殆亦有規諫輔德的用心，唯亦不免與原典旨趣產生距離。

"The Qun Shu Zhi Yao was compiled by Wei Zheng and others, conforming to the needs of Tang Taizong to govern the country, and marked by its time, which can be regarded as a summary of the essence of governing principles before the Tang Dynasty, as well as a compilation digging out traditional political of China. Among them, the selection of Zuo Zhuan reflects the view of Monarch-Officials, and''People-oriented Thoughts''in Chinese politics ethics.''Mirror''often contains the purpose of abstinence to be correct, and to remonstrate with a superior means the struggle against his decision-making. Then, the political thinking of''Monarch-Officials as Oneness (君臣一體)''is, of course, based on the integration of the one, and there is also the power antagonism between the Monarch- Officials. Editors' choices reflect both their ideas and their conscious intentions, which inevitably distance themselves from the original purpose of Zuo Zhuan."