對《老子》幾個重要概念的重新詮釋

Proposing a New Interpretation of some Key Concepts in the Laozi

本文回應出土之文獻之帛書與楚墓竹簡之《老子》，認為此破碎不完整之文件並無法取代王弼定本之《老子》。故通過王弼定本《老子》，集中對「有」、「無」、「道」、「生」等幾個《老子》核心概念的思索，提出從宇宙源生角度詮解的形上學有其無法融通之處，並大膽定位《老子》第一章之意旨乃是其哲學方法論的思考方式。「有」、「無」表示事物存在的兩個面向或發展的兩個極點；「道」指實踐之方式；「生」指存活、存在。均無宇宙發生的蘊含。宇宙發生的蘊含起於王弼的注解，文中同時對之提出辯證反駁。本文非好為異議，然比對《老子》不同篇章尋思，所見假若無誤，對於《老子》學說的研析與定位或能開啟另一新探索且有深意的途徑。

"This paper reacts to the unearthed manuscripts of the Laozi on silk and bamboo discovered in recent years, claiming that these new versions cannot replace the transmitted Wang Bi version of the Laozi. Based on the Wang Bi version the meaning of some of the key concepts such as“being (you有)”,”nothing (wu無)”,“the way (dao道)”,“to become/to live (sheng生)”are being discussed. Since the popular cosmogonical interpretation of these concepts leads to various inconsistencies, the paper takes a different approach by interpreting the first chapter of the Laozi as methodological introduction to Laozi’s philosophy. According to this interpretation,“being (you有)”and”nothing (wu無)”are the two aspects that determine the development of all things existing;“the way (dao道)”in this first chapter simply means practice,“to become/to live (sheng生)”to live or to exist. None of these concepts are concerned with a cosmogony. The cosmogonical reading of the Laozi was introduced by Wang Bi in his commentary of the Laozi. This new interpretation hopes to shed some new light on the Laozi, separating his original intentions from the Wang Bi interpretation."