探討餐旅業員工人格特質、自我效能與知識藏私之研究──兼論信任之影響

"The Study of Hospitality Industry Employees’Personality Traits, Self-Efficacy, and Knowledge Withholding—and Concerning Trust"

知識藏私是近年來組織行為的新議題，定義為在同事間提出請求時做出刻意隱藏的行為。本研究目的在於探討餐旅業員工的不同人格特質、自我效能、相互信任對其知識藏私行為的影響。研究採便利抽樣法，對象以臺灣南部地區四星級以上飯店，並曾有直接指導同事之經驗的員工為研究對象。問卷內容包含：五大人格特質、一般自我效能、知識藏私與人際信任等四大構面量表；共發出800份問卷，有效問卷402份(53.875%)。分析方法採用描述性統計、相關分析、因素分析與結構方程模型，以探討其變項間影響。結果顯示，五大人格特質中的友善型、謹慎型及情緒穩定型對於知識藏私呈現負相關，這意味著偏向友善型、謹慎型及情緒穩定型等特質的個體較不易產生知識藏私行為。外向型、友善型、謹慎型與自我效能呈現顯著正向相關，但自我效能對知識藏私沒有顯著影響。此外，亦發現員工人格特質、信任為與知識藏私的重要變項，據此提出研究與實務建議。

"Knowledge withholding is a new topic of organization behavior recently. It can be defined as the behavior of individuals purposely conceals the requests from their colleagues. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of personality traits, self-efficacy, trust between employees toward knowledge withholding in hospitality industry. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from four or five star rated hotels employees who have experience supervising colleagues in Southern Taiwan. The Big Five Factors of personality, self-efficacy, knowledge withholding, and trust were concluded in the questionnaire. 402 usable responses were used in data analysis. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and structural equation model were used to further study the relationships between those variables. The results implied that personality factors, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability were negatively correlated with knowledge withholding behavior which mean employees with those personality traits tend to decrease their knowledge withholding behavior. Personality traits with extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness are positively associated with self-efficacy, however, self-efficacy did not have significant impact on knowledge withholding. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed."