宮商譜入非遊戲：清初李玉「以劇載史」意蘊下的《萬里圓》

Writing a Legend was not for Entertaining: Li Yu, in the Early Qing Dynasty, Composed Wan Li Yuan through Recording History with Operas

清康熙18年萬斯同與修《明史》，深憾南明史遭沒轉而諄勉溫睿臨纂成《南疆逸史》；至38年孔尚任撰《桃花扇》，亦揭示「南明興亡」。然親歷明清鼎革的蘇州劇作家李玉已於順治18年前，藉孝子尋親時事敷陳南明史事，撰傳奇《萬里圓》，載述南明史之識見時代更早更深富「以劇載史」意蘊孝子一家，流轉於戰火下的萬里山水，冀尋親得歸而家圓；遺民李玉流離於鼎革下的萬里穹蒼，企求適任之君而國圓實鎔鑄小我父子的一家離合於大我君臣的一國興亡，以小見大的載錄南明史事。劇中標舉「但願天心轉，赫然一怒早籌邊」，寓意遙深，頗類史論其人之史學史識，其劇之曲史曲心，別具襟抱，於文學史上當另有超拔地位與意義。

In the early years of the Qing dynasty, historians Wan Si Tong and Wen Rui Lin believed that the historical records of Nan Ming were incomplete. Tao Hua Shan, written by dramatist Kong Shang Ren, also focused on the history of Nan Ming. Li Yu, a dramatist who experienced the fall of the Ming dynasty, described the history of Nan Ming based on the story of a filial son searching for his parents and composed Wan Li Yuan, which means ''recording history with operas.'' The family of the filial son hoped to return to their hometown during the war. Li Yu hoped that the monarch could pull himself together and restore Nan Ming. Li Yu combined the story of the filial son with the rise and fall of Nan Ming to record the country's history. Furthermore, the sentence: ''I hope that the monarch could change his mind'' has a deep meaning similar to historical comments. Therefore, Li Yu and his Wan Li Yuan have a very significant position in the history of literature.