家庭關係對於國中生外向性偏差行為與學業適應問題之影響：以憂鬱情緒與認同非法手段為中介

The Effects of Family Relationship on External Deviant Behaviors and Academic Problems Among Junior High School Students: Depression, and Illegitimate Means as Mediators

本研究採取家庭系統論、社會控制理論和差異機會理論的觀點，目的是嘗試建構家庭關係、憂鬱情緒、認同非法手段對國中生外向性偏差行為與學業適應問題的影響機制。本研究採用偏最小平方法之結構方程模型分析高雄市593位國中生。研究結果顯示，家庭關係對外向性偏差行為的直接影響並不顯著，而憂鬱情緒與認同非法手段對外向性偏差行為具有顯著直接影響。其次，家庭關係、憂鬱情緒與認同非法手段對學業適應問題具有顯著直接影響。再者，在中介效果檢定上，家庭關係會透過憂鬱情緒、認同非法手段間接影響外向性偏差行為和學業適應問題。最後，在性別多群組比較方面，影響男生外向性偏差行為與學業適應問題的關鍵是認同非法手段，而影響女生的主因是憂鬱情緒。

Based on family system theory, social control theory, and differential opportunity theory, the purpose of this study was to explore the effects of family relationship, depression and illegitimate means on external deviant behaviors and academic problems for junior high school students. This study was to use partial least squares-structural equation modeling to analyze a total of 593 participants recruited from eight junior high schools in Kaohsiung. The results of this study showed that depression and illegitimate means had significant positive direct effects on external deviant behaviors except for family relationship. Second, family relationship, depression, and illegitimate means had significant direct effects on academic problems. Third, family relationships had significant indirect effects on external deviant behaviors and academic problems. Finally, in terms of the multiple group analysis across sex, illegitimate means is the crucial factor for male students influencing delinquency and academic problems while depression is the key factor for female.