日語訪談對話與台式中文訪談對話中答話準備表達之對照研究

The contrastive research on the characteristics of reply preparation in interview dialogue between Japanese and Taiwanese Mandarin

為強化日語會話的教學內容，本篇論文乃以一基礎研究的姿態，將研究的焦點擺在訪談性對話中的答話表達上，並將台式中文與日語的答話準備的表達做對照分析。以下是本篇論文的主要分析結果：（1）台式中文訪談資料中之答話準備出現率雖稍微比日語低，但整體看來兩方面都擁有頗高的答話準備率。（2）從答話準備的積極程度看來，兩語言裡皆可發現9種類型的答話準備方式。此外針對這些答話準備的表達，亦可從「博取思索時間的性質」「預先盤算的性質」「單獨使用的性質」3方面來探討之。而日語與台式中文的最大共同點則是「表達正在搜索適當用語」「表達即將接話或插話」「預告即將提示個人看法」這3種答話準備都受到兩邊資料中所有受訪者的愛用。（3）透過兩種語言各答話準備出現率的計算，或透過兩種語言各答話準備的出現場合的對照分析後，更可整理出各細部分類裡的異同點，同時也釐清了哪些細部的分類中具有哪些多元化的表述方式。（4）釐清了出現率排名第l與第2的答話準備「ya（iya）」與「maa」所對應的台式中文表達方式。另外，針對「ya（iya）」的使用機能可整理出2種類型；而針對「maa」的使用傾向則可整理出7種類型。

This paper, as a fundamental research, is focusing on the expression of reply preparation in interview dialogue and doing a contrast analysis on the characteristics of reply preparation between Taiwanese Mandarin and Japanese in order to strengthen the content of Japanese conversation courses. The main analysis outcome of this paper is a follows: (1) the frequency of appearance on reply preparation in Taiwanese Mandarin is lower than the one in Japanese. However, the frequency of appearance on reply preparation in both languages is considerably high as a whole. (2) 9 types of reply preparation are identified from both languages by the criterion of whether interviewees are aggressive to answer the interviewer's question or not. In addition the characteristics of the expressions on reply preparation can also be examined from the other 3 aspects. Besides, to express searching for proper phrase; to express about to continue or interrupt the dialogue; and to foretell one's viewpoints about to mention are 3 types of reply preparation favored by all the interviewees of both sides, and are also regarded as the most common point between Japanese and Taiwanese Mandarin. (3) The similarity and difference in the detailed classification has been clarified. (4) Taiwanese Mandarin corresponding to YA(IYA) and MAA, which are ranked at NO.1 and NO.2 respectively for the frequency of appearance in Japanese reply preparation, has been clarified. 2 types are sorted out for the likelihood of using YA(IYA), 7 types for using MAA are found out in this research.